Background Baboon syndrome is a rare, type IV hypersensitivity reaction causing a maculopapular rash. Tamoxifen is an antineoplastic agent, working as an estrogen receptor antagonist, also called a selective estrogen receptor modulator. A variety of rashes were reported with Tamoxifen use to‐date except baboon syndrome. The Tamoxifen‐induced baboon syndrome seems to be reversible, as discontinuation of the drug improves clinical outcomes. Aim Herein, we present the first case of Tamoxifen‐induced baboon syndrome which occurred 8 years after initiation of Tamoxifen use. Patients A 44‐year‐old woman presented with papulovesicular eruption on her body and erythema on her face for a duration of 6 months. There was no evidence of ocular or mucosal involvement. She was diagnosed with breast cancer and treated with tamoxifen 10 mg twice daily over the past 8 years. She was not taking other medications or over‐the‐counter supplements at the time of presentation. The patient underwent urgent skin biopsies of two lesions on her buttock and thigh. No organisms were seen on Gram stain. The patient's skin biopsy revealed extensive hyperorthokeratosis, minimal parakeratosis, hypergranulosis, and lichenoid interface dermatitis in the irregularly acanthotic epidermis supporting diagnosis of fixed drug eruption. Following a multidisciplinary discussion, the patient was diagnosed with baboon syndrome or symmetrical drug‐related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) associated with Tamoxifen. Results Hence, Tamoxifen was immediately discontinued and treated with oral steroid along with topical agents. She showed improvement of clinical abnormalities within days after discontinuation of Tamoxifen. Conclusions Given the widespread use of Tamoxifen in the management of patients with breast cancer, it is important that healthcare professionals monitor for rare, however clinically significant, and potentially life‐threatening dermatological manifestations of Tamoxifen use, such as baboon syndrome.
Background: Fixed Drug Eruption (FDE) is a drug reaction involving the skin and less commonly the mucosal membranes. Tamsulosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. Dizziness and headache are among its most common side effects (Singapore Med J, 2018;59:336). Although cutaneous drug eruption has been reported with other alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blockers.Aims: Drug rash due to Tamsulosin is relatively uncommon (Singapore Med J, 2018; 59:336). In this case we report an incidence of fixed drug eruption due to Tamsulosin.
A number of beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs have been reported to be upon the most common causative agents for drug-induced psoriatic lesions. Apparently this adverse reaction appears after several months of continuous therapy. In our case psoriasis eruption is associated with bisoprolol (B1-blocker) therapy in a man without previous skin lesions and history of psoriasis. The biopsy demonstrated psoriasiform dermatitis with spongiosis and parakeratosis. The pathogenic mechanisms to be discussed are the pharmacological effects on the epidermal beta-adrenergic adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP system and on the excessive release of lysosomal enzymes.
BackgroundAA is an acquired dermatosis distributed universally, with multifactorial etiology. It affects the hair follicle with or without nail involvement, resulting in an acute nonscarring alopecia with a relapsing course.1 Being a relatively common skin disease, LPP (lichen planopilaris) is initiated by a chronic lymphocytic inflammation that selectively destructs the hair follicles and eventually leads to scarring alopecia. Also, even though there is enough literature available for the co‐existence of AA and LPP with each other and their association with other autoimmune conditions, there are only very few reports on the anatomical concomitance of both disorders.3AimsAlthough the incidence of not only one but two autoimmune diseases in an immunosuppressed individual is very unusual, we hereby report a case of co‐localization of AA and LPP in a patient receiving immunosuppression due to a previous history of SLE (Systemic lupus erythematosus).PatientsA 37‐year‐old woman, housewife, presented to our office with general alopecia on the scalp since about two years ago (Figure 1), particularly on the vertex which was accompanied by mild itching and trichodynia. She had a history of hypothyroidism and lupus erythematosus arthritis. She had been receiving long‐term treatment with prednisolone, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, and levothyroxine but had not been treated for hair loss. Despite being on all of the above‐mentioned immunosuppressants, the patient developed AA and LPP which are both immune‐mediated diseases.ResultsIn addition to continuing her oral immunosuppressants, the patient was treated with Minoxidil 5% and Clobetasol solution as well as a higher dose of Azathioprine than she was receiving beforehand. Approximately, 3 months into the treatment, the follicular hyperkeratosis and scalp erythema resolved. Also, hair growth could be seen on AA spots.ConclusionOur case report is indicating the possibly mutual immunopathogenesis of these two T cell–mediated disorders. Furthermore, we want to bring attention to the probability of new autoimmune diseases occurring even during treatment with immunosuppressive medications.
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