Risk assessment is an integral part of an enterprise's quality management system. The risk of low quality products is the most significant risk, as it is directly related to the concept of enterprise competitiveness. The paper analyzes the scientific papers related to the assessment of the quality of products, processes and services, their disadvantages, possible limits of application. It is proposed to use mathematical dependences to obtain estimates of product quality indicators on a dimensionless scale. Knowing the density function of random variables of product quality indicators and knowing the mathematical dependence of their estimates on a dimensionless scale, it is proposed to obtain the density function of estimates. Knowing the function of the density of estimates of quality indicators, it is proposed to find the probabilities of risks of the assessment of quality indicators in any given interval on a dimensionless scale. A method for assessing the risks of low quality products has been developed
Biomaterials are artificial or natural materials that replace diseased or damaged bone tissue, recently with increasing interest in interdisciplinary approaches, including e.g. bioengineers. Such materials must be mechanically strong and not cause undesirable reactions. Due to the many factors that need to be considered, choosing the right material becomes a challenge. The relevance of the study lies in the development of a method for choosing a synthetic material based on hydroxyapatite for bone tissue restoration. Hierarchy analysis method was used and a set of five materials and their seven mechanical and biological parameters were analyzed.
Measuring the potentially adverse effects of materials on the human body is vital and essential for their use, including medical applications. One of the properties that need to be known is the cytotoxic effect of the materials to avoid local and systemic adverse effects. It is very important that scientists and medical professionals are aware of the effects of materials on the human body. This study also summarizes the data on the morphology, chemical composition, and the effect of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) orthopaedic materials on cytotoxicity. Qualitative and quantitative cytotoxicity analysis was performed using fluorescent microscopy and metabolic cell toxicity assay. The results of the studies demonstrated low in vitro cytotoxicity and high biocompatibility. These results may serve as the basis for a toxicological study of orthopaedic materials to prevent severe side effects.
Synthetic hydroxyapatite is used in biomedical engineering for its desirable mechanical properties. But not all scaffolds are biocompatible in use. The safety of implants depends on the competence of medical personnel, manufacturing technology, as well as biological, mechanical and other properties. Although there are regulatory standards for the safety of biomaterials, the assessment of their biocompatibility is a difficult task, which is associated with the properties of spacesuits, the duration of contact with tissues. The article proposes a method for assessing the safety of implants depending on various factors that form their biocompatibility.
The influence of non-metallic inclusions on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel of the austenitic-martensitic class, deposited in one layer with flux-cored wire under the flux by the arc method in the mode of stationary and pulsed arc burning, has been studied. In the latter case, the wire feed impulse was 0.5 and 0.7 Hz. The selected surfacing conditions, with both methods of the process, contribute to the formation of non-metallic inclusions of complex composition and structure in the deposited metal, including those containing calcium and its compounds with other elements, which are classified as corrosive, accelerating the occurrence of corrosion phenomena.
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