BackgroundImplant stability testing at various stages of implant therapy by means of resonance frequency analysis is extensively used. The overall measurement outcome is a function of the resulting stiffness of three entities: surrounding bone, bone-implant complex, and implant-Smartpeg complex. The influence of the latter on the overall measurement results is presently unknown. It can be investigated in vitro by use of imbedded implants with mounted Smartpegs. This enables to keep the influence of the two other entities constant and controlled.The purpose of this study is to verify if a laboratory laser Doppler vibrometry technology-based procedure results in comparable ISQ results after calculation of captured resonance frequency spectra by aid of the Osstell algorithm with direct Osstell IDX device measurements.MethodsA laboratory procedure was engineered to record frequency spectra of resin-imbedded test implants with mounted Smartpegs, after electromagnetic excitation with the Osstell IDX device and laser Doppler vibrometry response detection. Fast Fourier transformation data processing of resonance frequency data resulted in determination of a maximum resonance frequency values allowing calculation of implant stability quotient (ISQ) values using the Osstell algorithm.ResultsLaboratory-based ISQ values were compared to Osstell IDx device-generated ISQ values for Straumann tissue level, Ankylos, and 3i Certain implant systems. For both systems, a correlation coefficient r = 0.99 was found. Furthermore, a clinically rejectable mean difference of 0.09 ISQ units was noted between both datasets.ConclusionsThe proposed laboratory method with the application of the Osstell algorithm for ISQ calculation is appropriate for future studies to in vitro research aspects of resonance frequency analysis implant stability measurements.
Viscoelastic structural adhesives show great promise in industrial and civil applications where a highly ductile connection between dissimilar components is required, at both low and high load frequencies. Suitable chemistries for these applications are silicones, polyurethanes and MS polymers. These adhesives show the required low modulus and high elongation at joint failure, while retaining satisfactory strength for long term applications.However, the reliability of these adhesives has not been studied extensively.Partly because of the high initial variability on the mechanical performance of these joints. The aim of this research is to identify and correlate potential factors that have effect on the performance of an MS polymer joint. Both experimental and numerical studies are used to attain these results.Both studies show that bond geometry has a marked effect on its mechanical performance. The experiments show that the assumption of a solid, uniform adhesive joint is invalid. However, if the size and location of defects in the bond line can be estimated, and an appropriate finite element model can be constructed, the joint performance can be estimated.
Smartroof ® photovoltaic (PV) Cerasol ® roof tiles are used in this study to validate a real-time health monitoring of the adhesive bond between the PV glass plate and the polymer frame. A structural epoxy and a modified siloxane (MS)
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