The aim was to assess whether balance training would improve downhill skiing for 30 physical education students who had no previous skiing experience and were randomly assigned to two groups. The control group attended only ski lessons for two weeks, 2 to 4 hours daily. The experimental group attended downhill ski lessons and indoor balance training on a balance board, wearing ski boots, for 20 min. every second day in the afternoon. All participants before training completed a balance assessment (stability indices). After the completion of the ski classes, all repeated the balance assessment and two downhill ski tests of agility, slalom and snow-ploughing techniques. Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed both groups improved balance similarly, but the experimental group performed significantly better on the downhill-slalom agility test, so the specific indoor balance training was helpful.
The objective of this study is to establish the degree to which service quality of ski resorts can predict word-of-mouth communication. The sample consisted of 129 resort visitors. Participants were asked to complete the service quality scale based on Brady and Cronin's (2001) model. The instrument measures the three main dimensions of service quality (interaction quality; physical environment quality; outcome quality) using 11 items. All respondents were required to provide their responses on a continuum from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). Results indicated that the three service quality dimensions predicted a high proportion of variance in word-of-mouth communication with the factor "outcome quality" having the strongest influence. Acknowledging the results of the study, managers of ski centres should pay attention to ensuring that their centres provide personalised services and friendly atmosphere.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological profile of top-level wrestlers in a simulated competition. 12 male athletes, aged 23.2±4.5yrs who were participants in the 74kg division at the Greece National Greco-Roman Championship were the evaluated subjects. During all competitions the heart rates were measured and stored with a transmitter with a digital display while the capillary blood samples were collected 3 minutes after each round was completed in order to evaluate the lactate concentrations. The statistical design was based on the One-Sample T-Test analysis. The statistics showed that the mean-max heart rate values (b•min -1 ) and mean-max lactate concentrations (mmol•l -1 ) in 2 nd and 3 rd round were significantly higher than in the 1 st round. Specifically, the values were as follows: 1 st round HR mean 138±4 -HR max 143; La mean 12.43±2.8 -La max 15.80, 2 nd round HR mean 172.2±5.6 -HR max 178; La mean 13.67±2.7 -La max 19.3, 3 rd round HR mean 183±6.3 -HR max 193; La mean 14.6±2.7 -La max 20.26.The results indicate that the physiological profile of these wrestlers was both aerobic and anaerobic. Conclusively, the wrestling aerobic training with a simultaneously increase in anaerobic threshold could contribute to a benefit in tactical especially in the last round of a Greco-Roman wrestling competition.
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