Distance learning is characterized by the use of technological tools that substitute for the physical presence of either the trainer or trainee and is also widely used in the field of adult education. The main feature of distance learning programs is the use of an asynchronous platform system (Moodle), which promotes learner's critical thinking and creativity by linking learning to practice, reflection, case study and exploration. The trainer, for his part, designs e-courses with the capabilities of using educational material such as videos, presentations, images, etc. In addition, the use of an online platform (Moodle) promotes learner's individualized learning pathway, as well as the ability of participants to interact, principles that are compatible with the critical thinking that governs the principles of adult education.
Modern western civilization can be traced back to the Roman antiquity in terms of policy, legislation, art, and culture. The development of ancient Rome from a kingdom in Latio to a democracy and finally a thriving empire has paved the way for medicine and public health. As a kingdom, Rome has established laws for maternal health and abortion. Later on, as a democracy, Rome payed special attention to sanitation and infections control building aqueducts and public baths. During the imperial period, apart from the aforementioned, Ro-SUMMARY man administration improved public health measures with regard to pandemics. The correlation of infectious outbreaks with animals, are considered as one of the first noticed of zoonotic diseases in the field of public health. The term public health itself (medici publici) can be traced back to doctors appointed with public health and disease control duties in Ancient Rome.
Background: Spine biomechanics is a field of applied research aiming to unravel the biomechanical understanding of the spine and its disorders and to understand the implications of their interventional therapy to improve clinical practice, physical performance and daily living. Its scientific whereabouts can be traced in the work of Aristotle, who discussed physical and biological concepts of spine biomechanics in a series of treatises. Results: The authors searched the Thesaurus Linguae Graecae archive for original texts written in Greek and attributed to Aristotle and selected excerpts of medical and biological treatises that elaborate on spine biomechanics. Discussion: While many of his theories have become outdated, his methodology and rationale remain relevant for contemporary researchers and clinicians. Here, the relevant content of passages of the corpus aristotelicum related to spine biomechanics and discuss their practical implications are presented.
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