These data support the utilization of catheter ablation in selected CS cases resistant to medical treatment. However, data are derived from observational non-controlled case series, with low-methodological quality. Therefore, future well-designed, randomized controlled trials, or large-scale registries are required.

Background-Ablation of complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAEs) has been proposed as a strategy to improve outcomes in atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation, but the use of this technique remains contentious. We aimed to assess the impact of CFAE ablation in addition to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients undergoing ablation for AF. Methods and Results-We performed a random effects meta-analysis of studies comparing PVI versus PVI+CFAE ablation.The outcomes of freedom from AF/atrial tachycardia after 1 or several ablation procedures and acute procedural-related complications were assessed. Studies were searched on MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and clinicaltrials.gov, and sensitivity analyses were performed. Thirteen studies including a total of 1415 patients were considered eligible.

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