Mobile ad hoc molecular nanonetwork (MAMNET) is a new paradigm for the realisation of future nanonetworks. In MAMNET, transmission of nanoscale information from nanomachine to infostation is based on collision and adhesion. In this study, the authors develop a realistic framework for encompassing the electronic structure of the neurotransmitter in the process of transmitting nanoscale information at a single input single output nanonetwork. Nanonetwork performance is evaluated in terms of average packet delay, throughput and incurred traffic rate. Numerical results demonstrate the influence of the neurotransmitter's electronic structure over the performance of nanonetworks.
Mobile ad hoc molecular nanonetwork (MAMNET) introduces a new paradigm for the realization of future nanonetworks. In MAMNET, the transmission of nanoscale information between nanomachine and infostation is based on collision and adhesion process. In this study, we develop a single input single output (SISO) molecular communication system for transmitting nanoscale information. We employ the features of MAMNET, taking into account the electronic structure of the neurotransmitter, which affects the collision and adhesion process. Consequently, we deploy a realistic adhesion process by determining the critical velocity required for two molecules to adhere. The critical velocity is a function of molecule size, hardness, density and inter-molecule near-field interaction. The metrics performance of SISO system is measured in terms of average packet delay, throughput and incurred traffic rate. The numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed SISO system in the future nanonetworks.
There have been recent advances in the engineering of molecular communication (MC)-based networks for nanomedical applications. However, the integration of MC with biomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) presents various critical research challenges. In this study, the authors envisaged integrating MC-based nanonetwork with CNTs to optimise nanonetwork performance. In neural networks, a chronic reduction in the concentration of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) eventually leads to the development of neurodegenerative diseases; therefore, they used CNTs as a molecular switch to optimise ACh conductivity supported by artificial MC. Furthermore, MC enables communication between transmitter neurons and receiver neurons for fine-tuning the ACh release rate according to the feedback concentration of ACh. Subsequently, they proposed a min/max feedback scheme to fine-tune the expected throughput and ACh transmission efficiency. For demonstration purposes, they deduced analytical forms for the proposed schemes in terms of throughput, incurred traffic rates, and average packet delay.
With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) has urged scientists and industrialists to explore modern information and communication technology (ICT) as a means to reduce or even eliminate it. The World Health Organization recently reported that the virus may infect the organism through any organ in the living body, such as the respiratory, the immunity, the nervous, the digestive, or the cardiovascular system. Targeting the abovementioned goal, we envision an implanted nanosystem embedded in the intra living-body network. The main function of the nanosystem is either to perform diagnosis and mitigation of infectious diseases or to implement a targeted drug delivery system (i.e., delivery of the therapeutic drug to the diseased tissue or targeted cell). The communication among the nanomachines is accomplished via communication-based molecular diffusion. The control/interconnection of the nanosystem is accomplished through the utilization of Internet of bio-nano things (IoBNT). The proposed nanosystem is designed to employ a coded relay nanomachine disciplined by the decode and forward (DF) principle to ensure reliable drug delivery to the targeted cell. Notably, both the sensitivity of the drug dose and the phenomenon of drug molecules loss before delivery to the target cell site in long-distance due to the molecules diffusion process are taken into account. In this paper, a coded relay NM with conventional coding techniques such as RS and Turbo codes is selected to achieve minimum bit error rate (BER) performance and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), while the detection process is based on maximum likelihood (ML) probability and minimum error probability (MEP). The performance analysis of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of channel capacity and bit error rate by varying system parameters such as relay position, number of released molecules, relay and receiver size. Analysis results are validated through simulation and demonstrate that the proposed scheme can significantly improve delivery performance of the desirable drugs in the molecular communication system.
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