The subject of the study is the formation of a biofilm in the area of ceramic and titanium implants. Objectives. A systematic analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature sources to determine the main features and differences in the formation of a biofilm in the field of ceramic and titanium implants. Methodology. The study was based on the search and study of original articles on dental implantation in databases: Russian State Library, eLibrary, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. The main selection of materials was carried out by keywords. Results. Rehabilitation of edentulous spaces in patients with osseointegrated dental implants is a scientifically recognized and well-documented treatment method. Bacterial adhesion on dental implants can cause inflammatory conditions such as mucositis and peri-implantitis. Peri-implantitis can lead to bone resorption and eventual loss of the implant. It has been established that zirconium oxide has a lower bacterial capacity for adhesion and inflammatory infiltration compared to titanium, and due to its hygienic properties, it has significant advantages in maintaining the level of soft tissues of the aesthetic zone and maintaining the level of the alveolar bone. Numerous studies show that the clinical use of zirconium oxide implants is practically not accompanied by manifestations of peri-implantitis, and gum epithelial tissues are able to firmly and reliably attach to their surface. Zirconia is bioinert to other materials found in the oral cavity and is particularly suitable for patients who are allergic or intolerant to metals. The latest techniques and materials, which include zirconium dioxide, have important advantages, and its use as a material for dental implants significantly increases the clinical effectiveness of treatment. Conclusions. A review of the literature on the formation of a biofilm in the area of dental implants showed that zirconium oxide has a lower bacterial ability for adhesion and inflammatory infiltration compared to titanium, and due to hygienic properties has significant advantages in maintaining the level of soft tissues of the aesthetic zone and maintaining the level of the alveolar bone.
The subject of the study is the prospects for the introduction of an endosseous all-ceramic screw one-stage immediate implant in the clinical practice of orthopedic rehabilitation. The objectives analysis of the prospects for the use of the developed dental implant (endossal all-ceramic screw single-stage implant) in dental practice during orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with adentia. Methodology. The study was performed on the basis of an analysis of orthopedic rehabilitation means and their effectiveness in patients of dental clinics in the cities of Kemerovo for 2018–2022. Results.The results of rehabilitation of patients with adentia using dental implants based on zirconium dioxide (both imported and patented bio-implants) and implants based on titanium alloys are presented. The new endosseous all-ceramic screw one-stage implant developed by the author of the study (RF Patent for Invention No. 2651052; Eurasian Patent No. 035482) is distinguished by its design (rough active two-component thread passing into a polished neck by switching the platform and then into a suprastructure with the possibility of its individualization in the cavity mouth) and the method of treating the surface of the exclusively threaded part of the implant with calcium hydroxyapatite. The possibility of using the developed implant will satisfy the needs of patients for a minimally invasive implantation procedure, ensuring its economic efficiency in relation to an analogue imported ceramic implant. In addition, due to the specialized surface treatment, the developed implant does not require the use of bone substitutes, and the presence of a biocoating allows expanding its use in groups of patients with somatic pathologies. Conclusions. The performed study allows us to recommend the use of the developed bio-implant in clinical dentistry in order to study the possibilities of its use in the near and long term.
The subject of the study is the main properties of ceramic dental implants. Objectives. A systematic analysis of modern domestic and foreign literary sources to determine the main advantages of ceramic dental implants. Methodology. The study was based on the search and study of original articles on the dental implantology in the databases: Russian State Library, eLibrary, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. The main selection of materials was carried out by keywords. Results. Currently, dental ceramic implants are attracting more and more attention from both dentists and patients. Every year, the clinical use of ceramic implants is becoming wider. Only in Europe every year there are 3 major congresses on ceramic implantology. In many countries, the number of associations dealing with this particular topic has increased, ceramic implants have unlimited potential for clinical use. Numerous studies show that the clinical use of zirconium oxide implants is practically not accompanied by manifestations of peri-implantitis, and gum epithelial tissues are able to firmly and reliably attach to their surface. Zirconium forms a dense ZrO2 dioxide film on the surface with good protective properties. Zirconia is bioinert to other materials found in the oral cavity and is particularly suitable for patients who are allergic or intolerant to metals. The latest materials and techniques, which include zirconium dioxide, have important advantages, and its use as dental implants significantly increases the clinical effectiveness of treatment. Therefore, when planning dental implantation, preference should be given to zirconia implants, which will avoid the development of a negative effect of treatment on both organs and tissues of the oral cavity, and the body as a whole. Conclusions. The review of literature sources on the effectiveness of ceramic dental implants showed evidence-based possibilities for the clinical use of this type of implants in modern dentistry.
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