The need for optimization of technologies of fish sperm cryopreservation is conditioned by instability of fresh sperm quality. Presented protocols of cyprinids sperm cryopreservation have been optimized following the results of experiments carried out on varied-quality biomaterial. These protocols ensure with high effectiveness both freezing big volumes of sperm under laboratory and field conditions. Effectiveness of the protocol with two-stage freezing regime in addition has been confirmed by results of cryopreservation of cyprinids sperm samples for addition to the collection of low-temperature gene bank of VNIIPRKH for the last four years.

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For the first time viable gynogenetic progenies of the sturgeon fishes were obtained from the oocytes matured and ovulated in vitro under the influence of hormonal treatment. In this study, the Siberian sturgeon was used as a model species. The gynogenetic nature of the obtained progenies was confirmed by the results of microsatellite DNA analysis. Our results indicate the possibility of using meiotic gynogenesis combined with hormonal induction of in vitro oocyte maturation and ovulation as an approach to recovery of disappearing sturgeon species with female heterogamety.

The research aimed to determine the effect of different taurine concentrations on the duration of sperm fertility preservation and the results of further use during cryopreservation. The taurine was injected into the sperm of the Siberian sturgeon by various methods under conditions of low positive temperatures. Immediately after preparation, the taurine was injected into native sperm at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mmol/ml. Two methods of introducing taurine into native sperm were tested: 1 (dry method) - adding taurine powder directly to native sperm and 2 (wet method) - adding taurine dissolved in saline to native sperm. The studies have shown that injections of taurine in an amount of 0.05 - 0.1 mmol/ml both dry and wet can be recommended as the method of long-term preservation of the native sperm of Siberian sturgeon viability. While storing Siberian sturgeon sperm for further cryopreservation the optimal taurine concentration is 0.01 mmol/ml.

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