Background: Stroke in patients of Diabetes Mellitus is a common complication all over the world. The present study was done with the aim to assess the blood glucose level in acute stroke patients of Manipur and find out any correlation with types, size and prognosis of different glycaemic group. Method: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study of all patients who were admitted as acute stroke in Medicine ward, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences (JNIMS), Imphal, Manipur. Clinical parameter including History and clinical examination findings were recorded. CT scan of brain, blood glucose level, HbA1c were taken in all the patients. Results: Of 109 patients of acute stroke patients included in the study, 34 were known cases of Diabetes, 10 were newly detected Diabetes cases summing up to a total of 64 cases of Diabetes, 44 of the cases had stress hyperglycaemia and 21 were euglycaemic. Maximum cases consisted of ischaemic strokes (84.4%) and maximum number of haemorrhagic strokes falls under the known diabetes group.None of the euglycaemic patients had any large sized lesions, maximum of them (89.5%) had small sized lesions. Most of the stress glycaemia patients had medium sized strokes while the known diabetes and newly detected diabetes groups had no case of small sized lesion with the maximum large sized lesions occurring in the known diabetes group (78.9%). Clinical outcome was worst in poor glucose control group with 70.3% fatality in this group while maximum clinical improvement was seen in Non-Diabetics (84.6%) consisting of euglycaemia and stress hyperglycaemia groups. Conclusion: There was a good correlation with admission day hyperglycaemia with the size of the stroke lesion in all cases of stroke. The diabetes especially poor glucose control group is associated with increased size of the stroke lesion, severity and poor clinical outcome. Keywords: Stroke, diabetes mellitus, stress hyperglycaemia, euglycaemia.
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the commonest causes of peptic ulcer disease. Diagnosis and successful H. pylori eradication is important to prevent complications like recurrent peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). Aims and Objectives-This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with acute PUB. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was carried out from September 2015 till August 2018 in patients with PUB admitted at JNIMS hospital who underwent endoscopic procedures in a prospective manner. RUTs were performed by taking mid-antral biopsy specimen. Statistical Analysis-Baseline characteristics were presented as mean±standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and as a frequency (percentage) for all variables. Chi square and two tailed Fischer's exact test were used where applicable. RESULTS Four hundred and sixty patients were included, of which duodenal ulcer bleeding comprised of 85% (391), gastric ulcer 10.44 % (48) and combined gastric and duodenal ulcer in 4.56% (21). RUT was positive in 419 patients (91.08%). Of the 48 gastric ulcer patients 82.6% (38) had positive RUT and of the 412 duodenal ulcer patients 92.47% (381) had positive RUT. H. pylori infection rates were high in patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding patients. CONCLUSION This exploratory study showed the importance of actively looking for H. pylori infection in patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeds who are likely to rebleed if not treated with H. pylori eradication regimes.
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