The AQoL-8D is a suitable instrument for researchers conducting cost utility analyses generally but, in particular, for the analysis of services affecting psycho-social health.

Statistical results indicate that the AQoL-6D can be validly used in the economic evaluation of both the OPIC interventions and other adolescent programs.

While purchasing power parity (PPP) between countries has received a great deal of attention, PPP calculations within countries have received less attention. The idea that one unit of currency has the same purchasing power in all regions in large countries is false. This paper addresses this limitation by proposing a methodology for calculating rural‐urban PPP in India. The paper introduces a concept of item‐specific PPP that exploits the analogy with an item‐specific equivalence scale. The methodology relies on demographically‐varying preferences to estimate PPP. The results underline the need to incorporate spatial differences in PPP calculations in countries with heterogeneous preferences.

Objective: To monitor the cost and affordability of a nutritious diet and to assess the influence of distance from the capital city and socioeconomic status on the cost of nutritious food in Victoria. Methods: Twenty‐six of Victoria's 79 local government areas (33%) were randomly chosen for inclusion in the study. A random sample of stores was selected for inclusion from each local government area. The cost of the 44 ‘healthy’ and 10 ‘discretionary’ food and drinks in the healthy food basket for a family of four for a fortnight was collected during the winter and summer of 2012, 2013 and 2014. Results: The mean cost of the basket increased from $424.06 ± 38.22 in winter 2012 to $451.19 ± 33.83 in summer 2014 (p<0.001), representing about 31% of government benefit household income. Fruit and vegetables prices were the most varied over time. Distance of the store from state capital city centre predicted difference in food cost. Conclusions: These findings show that a healthy diet may be unaffordable for some Victorians. Implications: The cost of food is a key factor influencing intake. Public health strategies may need to consider strategies to make healthy food more affordable for some.

There is a need for further research focusing on the substitution effects of taxation and pricing policies, estimation of the true tax pass-through rates, and empirical analysis of the supply-side response (from alcohol producers and retailers) to various alcohol pricing strategies.