Introduction: Scoliosis is a lateral spinal deformity of 10 degrees or more, resulting in a C-shaped or S-shaped curve of the spine. Information about adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) prevalence rate is important not only for paediatric health care planning strategy but also for parent’s awareness. This study aims to find the suitable inclination cut-off angle and the prevalence rate of AIS in Surabaya, Indonesia.Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2010. We performed stratified random sampling of 784 Elementary and Junior High School students in Surabaya between 9-16 years of age. Scoliosis screening was performed by the Adam’s forward bending test (FBT). The students with positive FBT were measured for the inclination angle with scoliometer, and then subjected to radiologic examination. Prevalence rate, gender ratio, and the cut-off point value of inclination angle were determined by a descriptive statistics analysis.Results: Adam’s forward bending test was positive in 50 students (6,37%). Among them, 23 students (2,93%) four males and 19 females had Cobb angle of ≥10°. The 5° cutoff point value of inclination angle had a 95.6% sensitivity, an 18.5% specificity, a 50% positive predictive value (PPV), and a 83.33% negative predictive value (NPV); while the 7° cut-off point had a 78.26% sensitivity, a 88.88% specificity, a 85.7% PPV, and a 82.7% NPV.Conclusion: The prevalence rate of AIS in Surabaya is 2.93% and the 7° cut-off point of inclination angle is suitable for school-based screening.
Introduction: The only treatment for grade IV knee osteoarthritis is total knee arthroplasty (TKA) irrespective of the age of the patient. Most of the grade IV OA patient are elderly and most likely to have some comorbidities. Age and comorbidities are the major reasons for patient’s reluctance to undergo TKA. A clinical pathway with standard length of stay (LOS) could justify the patient’s hesitation for TKA. The aim of this study was to determine the factors, including age and comorbidity, that affect the LOS of patients treated with TKA. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of TKA patients in Surabaya Orthopedics and Traumatology Hospital from January 2011 to July 2017. Preoperative comorbidities were scored using Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and physical status by ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologist), classification for age, sex, BMI, blood loss, operation time, method of anaesthesia and postoperative day of rehabilitation were recorded as factors potentially affecting LOS. The discharge criteria for the patients were ability to ambulate to the bathroom and clean operative wound with no complications. The data obtained were analysed statistically.Results: The average LOS was 5.58 days, ranging from three to eight days. There were no demographic factors that affected the patients’ LOS. BMI, ASA, CCI, and blood loss did not significantly affect LOS. Operation time was between 90-140 minutes, and spinal anaesthesia showed significant longer LOS, but within the average.Conclusion: Age and comorbidity did not affect length of stay in TKA patients.
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