Culture and tradition influences behaviour. Multiple partner and
concurrent relationships are made responsible for the increase of HIV infection
in Sub-Saharan Africa. A contextualized “Theory of Planned
Behaviour” was used to identify predictors of intention to practice
monogamy. A mixed method design using qualitative data from focus groups,
stories and a survey were analyzed for quantitative data. The qualitative data
added to the behavioural beliefs a socio-cultural belief domain as well as
attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control predicted the
intention to practice monogamy. The adolescents showed a tendency towards having
more than one sexual partner. The normative beliefs and the socio cultural
beliefs also predicted intentions while hedonistic belief and partner reaction
did not. In contextualizing theory-based interventions, it is important to draw
from stories and the langauage that circulate in a community about a given
behaviour. More studies are needed on ways to combine qualitative approaches
with quantitative approaches to inform the development of theory based
culturally appropriate and context specific intervention strategies to reduce
the risk of HIV.
Culturally sensitive and effective interventions to reduce the high risky sexual behaviours remain one promising approach to easing the effects of HIV and AIDS on African adolescents. In order to test the applicability of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) in preventing HIV and AIDS among adolescents within the Botswana context, multiple regression modelling was applied to baseline data from a randomised control trial involving about 800 Batswana in-school adolescents. The predictors of interest were all derived from the TPB. The results indicated that there was significant correlation (p < 0.01) between all the variables. Furthermore, the results revealed that the TPB predictors, apart from affective attitude, were predictive of condom use intention among Batswana adolescents. The regression model was significant(F(4,789) = 159.763,p < 0.001) and the factors explained 44.5% of the variation in the model.
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