In the current scenario of globalization, public transportation services (PTS) need to introspect sensitivity towards the quality of services offered. In this context, this study examined the commuters' perception on service quality offered by the public transport services of twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad, India. The SERVQUAL scale is administered to measure the commuter's perception on service quality. A survey was conducted among the commuters who were regularly availing public transport services for travelling. A random sample of 534 respondents were taken for data collection, among them 512 were finalized for final analysis. The study concluded that the service quality delivery meets the perception of commuters. In general, people of twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad are benefited with the service quality delivery by public transport services. This paper brings out a service quality image which can be adopted by other cities whose population depends on public transportation services.

SERVQUAL was modified to suit a particular study context time and again. Some researchers contented SERVQUAL"s accuracy to measure service quality; others argued SERVPERF to be better scale to measure the service quality. SERVPERF was modified to measure service quality in higher education and HEdPERF evolved. HEdPERF scale was developed between 2004 through 2006 which further had to be tested under different study contexts for better validity and acceptability as done for both SERVQUAL and SERVPERF scales. This study introduced Arab cultural aspects within the existing HEdPERF scale. CUL-HEdPERF, HEdPERF, SERVPERF scales were compared using student perceptions about higher education performance. Data was analyzed using multiple regression, the calculated R 2 , ᵪ 2, RMSEA, NNFI, IFI, NFI, CFI, AGFI revealed that CUL-HEdPERF scale scored better fitness to measure service quality in higher education among student perception in Saudi Arabian context than HEdPERF and SERVPERF. Fitness was tested for significance using ANOVA.

Purpose -The purpose of this study is to propose a unified model to connect the three subcomponents of the country of origin (COO) with price, quality and consumer perceptions of or intentions regarding a product. COO refers to the country with which a manufacturer's product or brand is associated. COO can be broken down into three subcomponents: the country of design, the country of assembly and the country of parts. Design/methodology/approach -This study reviews the COO research that has been conducted in recent decades. These studies have primarily examined the correlation of COO's broken-down components with marketing factors (such as price, quality and brand equity or loyalty) and consumer purchase behavior. These correlations are portrayed in a single model. This theory-building model is drawn using a philosophical conceptualization approach. Findings -This study concludes that, as a result of globalization and advancement in technology, consumers are more aware of and have more access to product/brand information, and they evaluate brands according to the COO and its subcomponents. Variables such as price and quality are of high importance and should be considered during a purchase decision, whereas brand equity/loyalty is of low importance. Research limitations/implications -This research requires further investigation, especially in developing countries, to develop a more comprehensive picture. In addition, not all marketing factors are incorporated in the model. Practical implications -When international marketers devise plans to serve consumers, they must consider differentiation between developed and developing nations from the point of COO subcomponents and their effects on purchase intentions and consumer evaluations, when moderated by price, quality and brand loyalty/equity. Originality/value -Prior to this study, no unified model had been proposed to connect the three subcomponents of COO with price, quality and consumer perceptions of or intentions regarding a product.

This study makes an attempt to examine channel patronage, a narrow research gap from literature in the omni and multichannel concept, additionally it has taken up shopping value, utilitarian and hedonic benefits. It examined the characteristics and relationship of omni and multi-channel. It observed whether channels deliver shopping value to customers. It found shopping value is created have significant relationship with utilitarian and hedonic benefits. Ultimately this study fills the research gap by throwing light on why customers show patronage for a retail channel and does shopping value effect it. Reflective first and second order model was used. Both EFA and CFA were performed. Average variance extracted, composite reliability, Cronbach's alpha, cross loadings and Fornell and Lacker's values were used to assess convergent and discriminant validity for measurement model. Path coefficient was used to assess structural model. Validation of structural model was done using R 2 , f 2 and Q 2 . It was found that respondents opine omni is different and better than multi-channel. Utilitarian and hedonic have relationship with both, but are better in omni than multi-channel. Independently, shopping value and customer patronage have relationship with utilitarian and hedonic; omni and multi-channels; but they are better in hedonic than utilitarian; and omni than multi-channel. Customer patronage has relationship with shopping value and is better in omni than multichannel when moderated by later.