We examined the present conditions of oral health care in order to contribute towards an effective system to provide oral health care for homebound elderly in Japan. A questionnaire was mailed to homebound elderly subjects (n=908) and returned by mail. A 73.6% response was achieved. The questionnaire was designed to elicit information with respect to the general condition of the subjects and independence of oral health care. About 70% of the subjects were chair- or bed-bound. Among all subjects, 37.6% required partial or full assistance on toothbrushing, 55.6% on cleaning dentures and 46.7% on eating. The degree of oral health care tended to be poor for chair- or bed-bound elderly compared with independent or house-bound elderly. Homebound elderly with lower Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) required more support for oral health care compared with elderly with higher ADL.
We analyzed the current state of management of private dental offices in Japan using the 11th Survey of the Current Economy of Medicine and Dentistry conducted in September of 1997. The analysis was mainly performed by comparing the survey in 1997 with the survey conducted in 1989. The results show the medium-term tendencies in dental management. We also compared the data from dental offices with those from private medical offices without facilities for inpatients. The following are the results: the average income from dental practice for a dental office in 1997 was 4,050,000 yen, a decrease of 4.9% (about 210,000 yen) compared with the average income in 1989. The average income from treatment covered by insurance in 1997, which accounted for most of the total income, was 3,540,000 yen, a decrease of 2.8% compared with that in 1989. The average income from non-insured treatment was 490,000 yen, which was also a decrease of 17.4%. The average income from medical practice for a medical office in 1997 was 1,970,000 yen more than the average income from dental practice of the same year. The average medical practice expenses and the average balance in medicine were higher than those in dentistry by 1,360,000 yen and by 600,000 yen respectively. Although the average income from medical practice slightly increased, the average wage costs increased by as much as 42.8%, resulting in a decrease of 21.2% in the average balance. Dental offices attempted to weather the decreased income from dental practice by raising the average fee paid by an insured patient. The analysis in the present study suggested that a decreasing number of patients and increasing dental practice expenses diminished the balance.
This study was made on the comparison between the deciduous dental caries at five years old and the dental caries of permanent dentition at eighteen years old by the follow-up examination in the same persons, who were residented in Suginami-ku, Tokyo. The subjects of this study were born in 1943, 1947 and 1948, and those numbers were 46, 66 and 41 respectively.Conclusion were as follow:-1.It appeared that the significant correlation was existed between the number of def teeth at the age of five and the number of DMF teeth at the age of eighteen in subjects born in 1947 and 1948. (r=0.55 in 1947 case and r=0.44 in 1948 case.) But there was no significant relationship in 1943 case, (r=0.23) probably because of the changes of food conditions during the Second World War.2.According to the extention pattern of deciduous dental caries, subjects were divided into four groups, and the relationship in each group was studied. There was found the tendency that the group with the more extensive conditions in deciduous caries had the more DMF teeth in their permanent dentition. 3.With regard to the intensity and extension on the caries conditions of deciduous molars, they were divided into four groups. There were also the tendency that the severer group in deciduous molars had the more DMF teeth in their permanent dentition.
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