Purpose
This study elucidated the effect of an inclined spring arrangement on the flow-induced vibration of a circular cylinder to understand if the effect enhances the harnessing of the energy of fluid flows.
Method
An experiment was conducted on a circulating water channel. A circular cylinder was partially submerged. It was elastically supported by two springs whose longitudinal directions were varied. With the speed of the water flow varied, the vibrations of the circular cylinder were measured. The measured vibrations were interpreted by la linear dynamic model.
Results and discussion
In a few cases, a jump in response amplitudes from zero to the maximum was observed with the spring inclination at reduced velocities of 6 to 7, whereas gradually increasing response amplitudes were observed in other cases. The inclined spring arrangement achieved greater velocity amplitudes than in cases without spring inclination. A theoretical evaluation of the measured responses indicates that the effect of the inclined springs was caused by geometric nonlinearity; the effect would be more prominent by employing a longer moment lever.
Experiments and simulations on projectile impact to circular and rectangular plates made of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 were carried out. Ballistic limit and deformation of circular plates and rectangular plates at impact point were examined. The experimental results were compared with the simulation ones which calculated using the materials properties experimentally obtained. The effects of mesh size and fracture strain on both the crack limit velocity and the perforate limit velocity were discussed.
We conducted numerical experiments to investigate the mixing of stratified suspensions containing different types of particles. We used a point-force two-way coupling method. We studied the mixing behavior of stratified suspensions and we discovered two types of mixing: microscopic (individual-particle-level) and macroscopic (vessel-scale) collective mixing. In addition, we examined the vertical mixing speed of the stratified suspension. We used a simple theoretical model to analyze the fingering settling velocity. Then we introduced a nondimensional number representing the difference in collectivities of the upper and lower suspensions while accounting for particle terminal velocities. We discovered that the proposed nondimensional parameter has a negative sign that distinguishes the mixing form of only microscopic individual-particle-level mixing and a positive value that predicts the speed of macroscopic collective mixing of stratified suspensions.
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