This paper contained a detail review of heat pipe application ranging from computer electronics to renewable energy. In computer electronics application, the trend of the computer processors performance and power consumption has been increased significantly each year. Heat dissipation has been increased but in contrast the size of die on the processor has been reduced or remained the same size due to nano-size circuit technology and thus the heat flux is critically high. The heat flux was about 10-15 W/cm 2 in the year 2000 and had reached over 100 W/cm 2 in 2010. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into how to extend the air cooling capability and maximize its performance by use of heat pipes.The global warming crisis is real, and it is a responsibility for all individuals to put forth effort to reduce and prevent further damage to the global environment. In most countries worldwide, the majority of electric power is generated from non-renewable energy sources including coal, gas, and nuclear power, which degrade earth's atmosphere by green house gas emissions. With the use of heat pipes can minimize carbon emissions to the environment. Some applications presented and discussed in this paper are collecting natural cold energy and storing it for cooling of data centers and agricultural products, cooling concentrated photo voltaic cells using Phase Change Material and night sky radiation cooling, use of heat pipes to prevent iceberg and glacier melting, collection of solar heat for road snow melting, use of large-scale heat pipes for extraction of geothermal heat, and use of ultra-large-scale heat pipes for cooling and maintaining the earth's temperature.

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In the present paper, data center energy conservation systems based on the heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) pre-cooler to downsize the chiller capacity and working time has analysed, designed and discussed. The proposed system utilizes thermal diode character of heat pipe to transfer waste heat from source (pre-cooler coolant) to ambient and have been analyzed as per metrological conditions in New York. HPHE Pre cooler with 118 heat pipes and designed for 30 °C ambient temperature has been designed to effectively dissipate 30 kW or more datacenter heat throughout the year. The payback period of the HPHE Pre cooler is around 2.8 years. Proposed heat pipe based system utilize natural ambient cold energy and thus does not have running cost and related greenhouse gas emissions.

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