The excitation, emission spectra, and decay curves of the emission intensity of thulium atoms implanted in liquid and solid helium were observed in the presence and absence of an external magnetic field. The observed narrow line ͑width ϳ0.1 nm͒ of the excitation spectrum at 590.60 nm is assigned as a zero-phonon transition from the electronic ground state 4 f 13 ( 2 F 7/2 o )6s 2 , which indicates that the transition between the inner shells is weakly perturbed by surrounding helium atoms. The pressure dependence of the emission wavelength suggests that the symmetry of helium atoms distributed around a thulium atom in the solid phase is similar to that in the liquid phase. The emission intensity was stable and large in the solid phase since thulium atoms were trapped at a density of 10 10 -10 11 atoms/cm 3 . The lifetime of the excited state was measured to be 7.09Ϯ0.04 s, which was longer than that of the 4 f 12 ( 3 H 6 )5d 5/2 6s 2 (6,5/2) 7/2 state of free thulium atoms. The excited state is expected to be a mixed state of the 4 f 12 5d6s 2 and 4 f 13 6s6p configurations. The metastable state 4 f 13 ( 2 F 5/2 o )6s 2 is populated by a radiative transition from this excited state and relaxes to the ground state through a magnetic dipole transition. The lifetime of the metastable state of a neutral thulium atom was measured to be 75Ϯ3 ms.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.