This evaluation found the MaliMali Programme to be feasible and acceptable to children and schools in the Kingdom of Tonga. The programme promotes oral health and provides accessible and improved oral health care in the school setting, consistent with the oral health-promoting school framework.
SUMMARY: An inhibitory effect of Kunitz and Bowman‐Birk soybean trypsin inhibitors (K‐ and BB‐SBTI) was investigated on tryptic and chymotryptic proteinases of a brood of tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes and yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata. These assist to comprehend the differences in dietary soybean meal (SBM) utility by fish species and to develop low cost SBM diets with low contents of fish meal. The K‐SBTI strongly inhibited tryptic proteinase and weakly inhibited chymotryptic proteinase from the hepatopancreas and intestine including pyloric ceca of the fishes. The BB‐SBTI strongly inhibited both proteinases of the fishes. The K‐SBTI inhibition for tryptic protease and the BB‐SBTI inhibition for tryptic and chymotryptic proteases were relatively constant in tiger puffer with growth of 12–199 g bodyweight. In yellowtail with growth of 7–672 g bodyweight, the K‐SBTI inhibition for tryptic protease and the BB‐SBTI inhibition for chymotryptic protease were also relatively constant. The BB‐SBTI inhibition for yellowtail tryptic protease typically fell in the stage from 7 g to 57 g bodyweight, and then decreased slightly or was maintained constantly. These results indicate that there are different inhibitory modes of K‐ and BB‐SBTI and there is inter‐ and intraspecific diversity of tryptic protease conformation between the two species.
The South Pacific Medical Team, a voluntary group organized by Japanese dentists, has worked to improve oral health in the Kingdom of Tonga since 1998. Its main activity is the planning and administration of a school-based program known as the MaliMali Program.The MaliMali Program has been promoted by a Tongan team for preventive dentistry from the Dental Office of the Ministry of Health. In the present study, we describe the results of
Since 1998, the authors have been working to improve the oral health of children at kindergartens and primary schools in the Kingdom of Tonga (Tonga). Our primary activity has been a school-based fluoride mouth-rinsing (FMR) program. FMR is performed using 7-10 mL of a 0.2% NaF solution for 1 min once per week at each school. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of schoolbased FMR on dental caries incidence among Tongan schoolchildren. A total of 109 children aged 10 years were evaluated at six primary schools on Tongatapu Island. The FMR group comprised 46 children who had participated in the school-based FMR program for at least 5 years 6 months; the control group comprised 63 children who had participated in the school-based FMR program for 1 year or less. During standardized dental examinations, decayed, missing, and filled teeth were counted by a single dentist at each school.
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