Automatic speech recognition (ASR) in children is a rapidly evolving field, as children become more accustomed to interacting with virtual assistants, such as Amazon Echo, Cortana, and other smart speakers, and it has advanced the human–computer interaction in recent generations. Furthermore, non-native children are observed to exhibit a diverse range of reading errors during second language (L2) acquisition, such as lexical disfluency, hesitations, intra-word switching, and word repetitions, which are not yet addressed, resulting in ASR’s struggle to recognize non-native children’s speech. The main objective of this study is to develop a non-native children’s speech recognition system on top of feature-space discriminative models, such as feature-space maximum mutual information (fMMI) and boosted feature-space maximum mutual information (fbMMI). Harnessing the collaborative power of speed perturbation-based data augmentation on the original children’s speech corpora yields an effective performance. The corpus focuses on different speaking styles of children, together with read speech and spontaneous speech, in order to investigate the impact of non-native children’s L2 speaking proficiency on speech recognition systems. The experiments revealed that feature-space MMI models with steadily increasing speed perturbation factors outperform traditional ASR baseline models.
Basically, the denser integration capabilities will enable silicon technology scaling continuously. But in silicon technology higher variability and susceptibility will obtain. In this paper an effective network interfaces architecture if introduced for fault tolerant mechanism network on chip. A chip multi processor is introduced on chip components but this processor will not give effective output. Hence, the introduced system gives high throughput in modern network on chips. This system will exploit the speed of appropriate wire engineering which will transfer the long distance in single clock cycle. The data will be transferred between NOC routers by using Network interface (NI) and IP cores. Hence the proposed architecture will save the life time and overcome the issues of previous system.
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