A microwave shares a nonintuitive phase called the geometric phase with an interacting electron spin after an elastic scattering. The geometric phase, generally discarded as a global phase, allows universal holonomic gating of an ideal logical qubit, which we call a geometric spin qubit, defined in the degenerate subspace of the triplet spin qutrit. We here experimentally demonstrate nonadiabatic and non-abelian holonomic quantum gates over the geometric spin qubit on an electron or nitrogen nucleus. We manipulate purely the geometric phase with a polarised microwave in a nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond under a zero-magnetic field at room temperature. We also demonstrate a two-qubit holonomic gate to show universality by manipulating the electron−nucleus entanglement. The universal holonomic gates enable fast and fault-tolerant manipulation for realising quantum repeaters interfacing between universal quantum computers and secure communication networks.
In this paper, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the artificial bee colony (ABC) are applied to the structural morphogenesis for free surface shell structure. In general, the structural morphogenesis is treated as the optimization problem. However, searching of the decent solutions to maintain diversity on the design variable space and the objective function space is important in the structural morphogenesis. The decent solutions have comparatively high evaluation containing a global optimal solution and local optimal solutions, and diversity of the design variable space. These solutions are a lot of free surface shell forms satisfying the design constraint, and a designer's idea will receive stimulation from those forms. Therefore, PSO and ABC implementing a manipulation for decent solution search are proposed here. First, the proposed procedures and these computational properties are described. Next, our schemes are applied to the structural morphogenesis for free surface shell structure. Here, the single-objective optimization problem is treated. The objective functions are the total and the bending strain energy. From numerical results, a lot of free surface shell forms with diversity and structural stability are shown. Finally, we show evaluation scheme for robustness concerning the structural form, and the relation between the decent solution forms and the structural robustness forms is clarified.
In this paper, the swarm intelligence (SI) is applied to the structural morphogenesis for free surface shell structure. The design of the free surface shell structure is executed along a lot of design intentions relating ensure of concepts for design and structural performance etc. Therefore, the structural morphogenesis is often treated as the multi-objective optimization problem. In SI, we adopt the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the artificial bee colony (ABC), and have proposed PSO and ABC implementing a manipulation for decent solution search. The numerical examples for the single-objective optimization problem for free surface shell structure using these procedures have already been shown. The decent solutions have comparatively high evaluation solutions containing the Pareto optimal solution and local Pareto optimal solutions. Our schemes are applied to the multi-objective optimization problem for free surface shell structure. The objective functions are the total and the bending strain energy, and the weight of total member. The numerical examples for symmetric and asymmetric surface shell model are shown. From numerical results, the difference of decent solutions obtained from our schemes is explained by its algorithm. In addition, it is shown that the manipulation technique for decent solution search can maintain diversity not only on the design variable space but also on the objective function space.
In this paper, artificial bee colony (ABC) to obtain the decent solutions that the authors proposed is applied to the structural morphogenesis for RC (Reinforced-Concrete) free-form surface shell with arbitrary boundary shape. The 'decent solutions' have relatively high evaluation solutions
that maintain the diversity of the design variable space, including the global optimal solution and local optimal solutions. In this paper, we focus on an opening of RC free form surface shell structures considering design and functionality, and the structural morphogenesis procedure that
considers constraints of the excessive bending moment caused by the presence of an opening in the shell is proposed. Numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of a structural morphogenesis procedure that simultaneously considers shell shape, thickness, and opening as design variables. Furthermore,
it is shown that proposed structural morphogenesis using decent solutions search method can support a designer's idea of architectural forms having a relationship between shape and mechanical behavior at the initial stage of design.
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