Specialized foods (SF) with a predetermined chemical composition play an important role in the prevention of the most common nutrition-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Prospective sources of phytonutrients for the development of SF with antidiabetic action are among the priority areas of research in the field of diabetology and dietology. The methodology of search of promising plant sources of phytonutrients for SF included an analysis of the frequency of occurrence of edible and medicinal plants as part of multicomponent antidiabetic formulations traditionally used to treat DM in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. To realize this goal. more than 200 publications have been analyzed. Of these, only 66 bibliographic sources contained multicomponent antidiabetic prescriptions in the form of collections from dried medicinal plant raw materials and multicomponent juices from fresh medicinal and edible plants. In total in the identified 66 publications, we found 550 multi-component formulations. It is shown that the leader plants are Bilberry -Vaccinium myrtillus L., Common beans-Phaseolus nanus L., Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) Savi var. nana Ach. and Great nettle-Urtica Dioica L. The results of this study can serve as the basis for the development of SF with a predetermined chemical composition using edible and medicinal plants.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a major medical, social and economic problem, due to the high prevalence and increasing incidence of the disease with subsequent progression of seriously disabling complications and need for specialized medical care. Globally, 382 million people have diabetes, and the number of people with the disease is set to rise beyond 592 million in less than 25 years. Diabetes caused 5.1 million deaths in 2013. Every six seconds a person dies from diabetes. Diabetic management is usually targeted at reducing weight, ameliorating glycemic control and reducing other risk factors that lead to vascular complications. Dietary intervention is considered a necessary part of the treatment of type 2 diabetes in addition to any glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy. The development of specialized foodstuffs with predetermined chemical composition is an important objective of clinical nutrition. This review provides medical and biological rationale for the use of food ingredients with benefits in the development of optimized food formulations for patients with type 2 diabetes. Key aspects of the development of specialized food products for patients with type 2 diabetes is to meet the physiological needs of the patient with foods containing biologically active substances which provide favorable metabolic effects and to be careful to preserve traditional hedonic qualities of the enriched product, which would be important for compliance and general product acceptability.
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