Background: Enterobacter infections are increasingly recognized as an important nosocomial infection. Here we describe the prevalence of three classes of integrons in clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp. and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes among isolates with integron. Objectives: Here we describe the prevalence of integrons genes among clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp. and antibiotic susceptibility pattern, ESBL production and the prevalence of resistance genes among clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp. Materials and Methods: A total of 110 Enterobacter isolates collected from four hospitals in Tehran during 2012-2013. Enterobacter species were identified by using API 20E system. The existence of integron classes was investigated by PCR assay through the amplification of integrase genes. Then, antibacterial susceptibility and confirmation of ESBL phenotype was determined. Then, the bla groups, bla TEM , bla SHV , bla CTX-M-1 and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes genes were identified by PCR with specific primers. Results: The prevalence of Enterobacter species were E. cloacae (78.2 %), E. aerogenes (13.6 %) and E. sakazakii (8.2%). They were from different clinical sources. Forty five of Enterobacter isolates have integron but there was not detected class 3 of integrons. All isolates with integron were susceptible to imipenem. Ten isolates of Enterobacter with integron showed ESBL phenotype. The frequency of bla TEM , bla SHV and bla CTX-M-1 genes are 20%, 0% and 15.6%, respectively. The frequency of genes encoding ANT (2˝)-Ia, APH (3΄)-Ia, AAC (6΄)-Ib and AAC (3)-IIa were 11.1%, 13.3%, 13.3 % and 20 %, respectively. Conclusions: The high prevalence of integron-positive isolates in our MDR Enterobacter isolates indicates that these mobile genetic elements are common among different Enterobacter spp. and associate with reduced susceptibility to the first-line antimicrobial drugs. This so highlight the continued monitoring of drug resistance in clinical settings.
Background: Enterobacter spp. is increasingly recognized as an important nosocomial pathogen and implicated in many episodes of hospital acquired infections. Objectives: The current study aimed to describe distribution and transferability of bla CTX-M-15 gene, and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern in the clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp. Materials and Methods: A total of 110 Enterobacter isolates were collected from five hospitals in Tehran, Iran from May 2012 to April 2013. Enterobacter species were identified by API 20E system. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion method, and extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production was confirmed by combined disk method. The bla CTX-M-15 gene was identified by PCR with specific primers. The transferability of the bla CTX-M-15 was tested by conjugation with broth matting method. Results: The prevalence of Enterobacter species was E. cloacae (78.2 %), E. aerogenes (6.13 %) and E. sakazakii (8.2%). They were from different clinical sources. Maximal resistance in Enterobacter isolates was noticed against Augmentin®, trimethoprim -sulfamethoxazole and cefoxitin 75.5%, 64.5%, and 59.1%, respectively. Fourteen isolates, showed ESBL phenotype. The bla CTX-M-15 gene frequency in Enterobacter isolates was 11.8%. Three conjugative plasmids containing bla CTX-M-15 were found in one Enterobacter isolate.
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