From the intact cells of 66 strains of acetic acid bacteria, ubiquinones were extracted with ether-ethanol mixture (3:1) and purified by treatment with acetone, followed by thin-layer chromatography using silica gel plates and benzene. Mass spectrometric and paper chromatographic analyses of the ubiquinone system showed the characteristic existence of ubiquinone-10 in genus Gluconobacter and ubiquinone-10 and-9 in " peritrichously flagellated" intermediate strains, while that of ubiquinone-9 and-8 in genus Acetobacter as well as ubiquinone-8 and-7 in " polarly flagellated" intermediate strains. These results indicate that the kind of ubiquinone present may be used to distinguish the genera Gluconobacter and Acetobacter as one of simple and effective criteria. Some discussions are made on the taxonomical positions of the so-called intermediate strains.
The respiratory activities of Saccharomyces cerevisiae requiring pantothenic acid were found to be decreased by deficiency of this acid. Respiration rate of the cells grown in a pantothenic acid-deficient medium decreased to about 1/15, and conversely hydrogen sulfide evolved at log phase was about 10 times that of the normal cells. The decrease of respiration rate was more significant than the repressed cells grown in a 5% glucose medium. These deficient cells had decreased cytochrome content and especially lacked cytochromes a+a3 and b. Except for the activity of cytochrome oxidase, the activities of enzymes containing heme, such as cytochrome c peroxidase and catalase, were not affected. The specific activities of enzymes concerning the initial step of the biosynthesis of porphyrin were also not affected. Cytochrome oxidase, being a mitochondrial particulate enzyme, was drastically influenced by the pantothenic acid deficiency. This effect was peculiar to cytochrome oxidase and more effective than the glucose repression.
NondialyzabJe model melanoidin prepared from glucose and glycine was oxidized with potassium ferricyanide or reduced with sodium borohydride. Compared with intact melanoidin, the oxidation reduced the pI value and increased the chelating activity, while reduction had the completely opposite effect. Both reactions on melanoidin increased the molecular weight and reduced the E ~ 60 nm value.
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