Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition if identified early can ensure less morbidity and better prognosis. It is important to help the child behind the problem and not to look at child as the problem. A holistic approach involving parents as active agents of change will serve the best interests of the child. Therefore, psychoeducation of family members is essential as it helps to improve parental understanding of the condition and reduce punitive responses toward the child. Parents also need to be empowered with behavioural management techniques to manage the problem behaviours stemming from the underlying condition. In this article, we present an illustrated model using a fictional character for psychoeducation of families about ADHD and give an overview of major psychosocial interventions with a focus on environmental modification.
Background: Studies are sparse on caretaker perceptions about self-cutting (SC) in institutionalised adolescents. Methods: Five caretakers in a shelter home for adolescent girls were interviewed and the data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Nine major themes emerged: expected reactions from others led to secrecy; reasons were relational and academic difficulties; benefits were control of emotions/thoughts or to get others’ attention; learning happened by witnessing and change in thinking; challenges were systemic contagion, counselling repeaters of SC and adolescent infatuation; responses were ‘we are empathetic’ and ‘friends are helpful, but have a limit’; goals for self and reflection were helpful to stop SC; vulnerabilities were lack of skills and problems faced; and protective factors were good skills and family relations. These novel findings contribute to the existing sparse literature and are useful for gaining a deeper understanding about and better management of SC.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.