Pollen types referable to the families Casuarinaceae, Haloragaceae,Myrtaceae, Olacaceae, Proteaceae, Santaiaceae, and Sapindaceae have been described from Cainozoic deposits in the Australian region; their relationship to living species has been discussed wherever possible.
The characters and distribution of three sporomorphs of uncertain affinity have been considered. Details concerning the pollen grains of some of the living species of Anacolosa, Cathedra, Casuarina, the tribe Cupanieae (Sapindaceae), Haloragis, Myriophyllurn, and Santalurn have been recorded.
The pollen grains of 300 species of 71 genera of the family Myrtaceae have been examined and their characteristic features summarized in tabular form. The investigation has been mainly concerned with those species that occur in the south-west, Pacific area, particularly Australia. For comparative purposes, the pollen morphology of a limited number of South American and two South African species has been included. The significance of pollen characters for distinguishing genera and species within the family is discussed. In some instances pollen morphology has provided additional evidence for the classification of certain species as suggested by taxonomists. A provisional key to pollen grains of the genera examined has been included.
Proof of the occurrence of the section Dacrycarpus of the genus Podocarpus
in Australia and Tasmania is presented.Foliage shoots with structure preserved from Yallourn, Victoria, have been designated hypotypes of Podocarpus praecupressinus Ett.
Pollen grains of the Dacrycarpus type have been identified in a number of
widely separated Tertiary deposits. The sporotype Dacycarpites has been instituted
for them and one sporomorph Dacrycarpites australienis described.
Anatomical features which confirm the early Tertiary occurrence of Phyllocladus in Australia have been described. Phyllocladus morwellensis Deane has been more clearly defined; the sporomorph Phyllocladus palaeogenicus has been described and its distribution recorded. A new sporomorph, Trisaccites micropterus, has been established for certain 3-winged fossil pollen grains isolated from Mesozoic and Tertiary deposits. The distribution of the sporomorph Micocachryidites antarcticus Cookson in Australian deposits has been traced.
Foliage shoots and seeds of a new Tertiary species, Dacydium rhomboideum,
are described; the affinity of D. rhomboideum is discussed.A new sporomorph, Dacrydiumites florinii, is proposed for fossil pollen grains, similar to those of certain species of Dacrydium, isolated from Tertiary deposits in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. Descriptions of the pollen grains of the living species Dacrydium araucurioides and Dacrydium balansae are included.
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