Intensive cultivation and excess chemical fertilizer continuous tillage activity have shown that environmental, soil & water degradation in South Asia has produced serious problems in soil health or agricultural development with a rise in population. The desire for renewable alternatives has therefore been underestimated. The effect on cropping efficiency, machine productivity and development economy of two tillage cum (Vermicompost and FYM manure, Urea, and DAP) or two facts regarding the application of foliar spray and without zinc fertilizers were evaluated. Conventional tillage (1 ploughing by tractor drawn disc plough + 2 harrowing + 1 fb cultivator with planking) increased grain yield (10.85 percent) and (7.21), both during the first and second years of experimental plots, over minimum tillage (1 ploughing by tractor drawn rotavator) (MT). The improved grain output of wheat was primarily due to increased tiller development in CT treatments during both the years. Similarly, maximum most of the growth attributes, productivity components and physical quality charcters were recorded in CT tillage practice. In the joint management of inorganic or organic nitrogen, significant and maximum grain (4.63 t/ha) and straw (8.97 t/ha) yield, weight of spike (2.68 g), length of grain (6.49 mm), breadth of grain (3.29 mm) and length: breadth ratio of grain (1.98) were recorded during 2015-16, However purely chemical fertilizer applied treatment recorded during first year significant and maximum number of tillers per hill (3.14), leaf area index (2.31), plant dry matter (13.09 g plant-1), grain yield (4.00 t ha-1), straw yield (7.87 t ha-1), number of grains per spike (42.42) and weight of spike (2.62 g), respectively.Soil cultivation by CT with fertilized fertilizer at the prescribed total dose of nitrogen 120 kg/ha, in which ½ nitrogen through organic (Vermicompost 3000 kg/ha) and ½ through inorganic (Urea, 117.69 kg/ha and (Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 32.60 kg/ha) during second year with foliar applications of zinc (2.50 kg/ha) were found to increase crop productivity and resilience in management.Soil chemical quality status increased after second year of experiment in combined used of MT (1 ploughing by tractor drawn rotavator) and organic (Vermicompost 4500 kg/ha) and inorganic fertilization ½ through inorganic (Urea, 44.16 kg/ha and (Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 48.91kg/ha) with foliar applications of zinc (2.50 kg/ha).
Field studies were conducted during rabi season of 2014-15 to 2015â16 to at Crop Research Farm, Block E ofSHUATS, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj, to study effect oftillage practices, nitrogen and zinc management on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity and quality inthe NEPZ. The experiment comprising two treatments in main plots (conventional and minimum tillage)in sub plots six organic and inorganic nitrogen management (viz., NU0; Control, NU1; 50% RDN throughinorganic with 50% RDN through organic, NU2; 25% RDN through inorganic with 75% RDN throughorganic, NU3; 50% RDN through inorganic with 50% RDN through organic, NU4; 25% RDN throughinorganic with 75% RDN through vermicompost organic N5; 100% RDN through inorganic and sub plotsviz., control and zinc,was laid out in split split plot design with three replications. Results revealed thatsignificant and maximum (grain yield, 3.89 t/ha; number of leaves per plant, 17.25 and 18.12 at 75 and 90DAS; organic carbon, 0.451%) respectively were recorded in crop cultivated by conventional tillage. Further,significantly the highest soil organic carbon (0.462%) was recorded in minimum tillage compare toconventional tillage. Significant and maximum and yield attributes (grain yield, 4.14 t/ha; straw yield, 8.39t/ha; plant height, 84.42 and 94.58 cm at 90 and 105 DAS; number of leaves per plant, 17.82 and 18.25 at 75and growth attributes 105 DAS, respectively were recorded in applied nitrogen management NU3 50%RDN through inorganic with 50% RDN through organic treatment. Similarly, the maximum buildup of soilorganic carbon 0.462%; Pore space, 48.407 and 48.135% at depth 0-15 and 15-30 cm and significant andmaximum the lowest (soil pH, 7.24; S, 13.19; Mn, 4.56 and Cu, 0.53; Bulk density, 1.329 and 1.316 g cm-3 at0-15 and 15-30 cm; Particle density, 2.517 g cm-3 at 15-30 cm, respectively were recorded in NU3 treatment.The foliar application of 0.5% zinc sulphate had pronounced effect on soil properties and crop performanceof wheat under rainfed conditions.
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