Introduction: Schistosomal cholecystitis is remarkably uncommon. Almost all of the reported cases in literature, less than eleven universally, are associated with concomitant gallstone disease. It is unclear whether the extensive fibrocalcific reaction of the bladder`s wall and the cystic duct, seen in all cases, predisposes to cholelithiasis, or gallstones coexist. Case report: We report a Greek patient who developed schistosomal granulomatous lithiasic cholecystitis, which is unique in Greek medical chronicles. Performing a safe cholecystectomy in this patient was extremely difficult due to badly inflamed gallbladder. Conclusion: Schistosoma infection is associated with chronic granulomatous inflammation making cholecystectomy difficult and unsafe. In this article, we focus especially on prevention of bile duct injury by being prepared that a patient with a possible schistosomal cholecystitis will present with a complicated case.
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