To estimate the incidence of postoperative development of macular edema among diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. A comparative study of central macular thickness was performed on this population before and after uncomplicated cataract surgery. Methods: Forty-two diabetic patients with no diabetic retinopathy (no DR) and 23 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) that underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation were enrolled in this study from March 2017 to May 2018. Central macular thickness (CMT) was measured with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). These parameters were recorded before and four-weeks after cataract surgery then analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: 65 patients consisted of 40 males (61.54%) and 25 females (38.46%). Mean age was 67.01 ± 8.12 years. All 65 patients had diabetes, of which 23 (35.38%) had diabetic retinopathy and 42 (64.62%) did not. Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation were performed in all eyes. No serious intraoperative complications were found.
To evaluate the learning curve of pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation among the 1 st year ophthalmology residents. Methods: Prospective comparative study. Four first year ophthalmology residents were monitored for operating time and recurrence rate on all their cases of pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation throughout one year. Data for baseline characteristic of patients with continuous data were analyzed for differences among residents using one-way ANOVA. Proportional data such as age, gender, laterality and recurrence rate were analyzed for differences among residents using Fisher's exact test. Average predicted operating time with consecutive cases were analyzed using linear regression. Operating time stabilization with consecutive cases was visualized by a Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS) and Quadratic best fit lines. Results: A total of 159 eyes (159 patients) with primary pterygium excision were performed with sutured amniotic membrane transplantation. All cases were attributed to four ophthalmology residents composed of 40, 41, 42 and 36 patients. The average operating time was 50.38 ± 13.92 minutes, with a range of 28 to 100 minutes. The operating time declined in proportion to the number of patients and stabilized after 38 cases (average time 43.33 ± 18.93 minutes). The recurrence rate of pterygium found in this study was 11.94% Conclusions: Pterygium excision with sutured amniotic membrane transplantation is considered as appropriate training procedure for ophthalmology residency training due to less duration needed to reach the learning curve. Additionally, the rate of recurrence among residents is comparable to that of other similar studies.
To compare the residual gas volume of perfluoropropane C 3 F 8 after two different methods of air gas exchange procedures, namely fixed-concentration and fixed-volume, used in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery. Methods: A prospective, randomized clinical trial in 56 patients whose eyes were diagnosed as rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and underwent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with laser endophotocoagulation and air-perfluoropropane gas exchange. In 28 patients whose eyes were in fixed-concentration group, air-perfluoropropane gas exchange were performed using 20% C 3 F 8 50 cc. replacing air within eye globe and the 28 eyes in fixed-volume group, 0.8 cc. of 100% C 3 F 8 was injected into the eyes. We followed up at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively to measure outcomes including postoperative intraocular gas volume (in percent), anatomical retinal reattachment rate and post-operative complications such as ocular hypertension and endophthalmitis. Results: A total of 56 eyes (56 patients) with 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with laser endophotocoagulation and air-perfluoropropane gas exchange were performed in this study. The patients consisted of 34 men (60.7%) and 22 women (39.3%). Patient ages were between 33-84 years with a mean of 59.84 ± 10.4 years. The mean postoperative residual intraocular gas volume for the fixed-volume method after 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month were 81.25 ± 8.57%, 62.14 ± 12.87%, and 31.25 ± 11.52% respectively. And the mean postoperative residual intraocular gas volume for the fixed-concentration method after 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month were also 85.36 ± 10.71%, 70.36 ± 17.74% and 38.93 ± 16.18% respectively. There was no significant difference in residual intraocular gas volume between the two groups in 1 day and 1 week postoperatively. After 1 month, there was a difference of mean postoperative residual intraocular gas volume between 2 groups; 31.25 ± 11.52% for the fixed-volume method and 38.93 ± 16.18% for the fixed-concentration method (p<0.05). The anatomical retinal reattachment rates were 85.7% and 89.3% for the fixed-volume method and fixed concentration method respectively. There was no significant difference in the rates of ocular hypertension between two groups, and none of the patients developed postoperative endophthalmitis. Conclusions: Both techniques of air-perfluoropropane gas exchange in 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with laser endophotocoagulation were comparable when considering the anatomical retinal reattachment rate, though there was a smaller intraocular gas volume in fixed-volume technique when compared to fixed-concentration technique. Conflicts of interest: The authors report no confilcts of interest.
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