Electrodes F 3000Electrodes with High Power and High Capacity for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. -The basic energy barrier that limits Li + -ion hopping in a prototypical layered electrode structure is identified using ab initio DFT computational modeling. Based on the results, well-layered Li(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2 is synthesized by ion exchange of Na(Ni0.5Mn0.5)O2. The material exhibits excellent performance with high rate-capability, considerably better than LiCoO 2 , the current battery electrode material of choice.-(KANG, K.; MENG, Y. S.; BREGER, J.; GREY, C. P.; CEDER*, G.; Sci.
The three-dimensional network of TiO(2) hollow nanoribbons designed from a peptide assembly using atomic layer deposition is demonstrated as a promising Li secondary battery electrode in this study. The nanoribbon network ensures effective transport of electrons and Li ions due to (i) a well-connected network of nanoribbons and (ii) the hollow structure of each nanoribbon itself, into which Li ions in the electrolyte can readily diffuse. The improved specific capacity, rate capability, and cyclability of the nanonetwork show that the utilization of a nanonetwork of individual hollow ribbons can serve as a promising strategy toward the development of high-performance electrode for Li secondary batteries.
Calcium-ion
batteries (CIBs) are under investigation as next-generation
energy storage devices due to their theoretically high operating potentials
and lower costs tied to the high natural abundance of calcium. However,
the development of CIBs has been limited by the lack of available
positive electrode materials. Here, for the first time, we report
two functional polyanionic phosphate materials as high-voltage cathodes
for CIBs at room temperature. NaV2(PO4)3 electrodes were found to reversibly intercalate 0.6 mol of
Ca2+ (81 mA h g–1) near 3.2 V (vs Ca2+/Ca) with stable cycling performance at a current density
of 3.5 mA g–1. The olivine framework material FePO4 reversibly intercalates 0.2 mol of Ca2+ (72 mA
h g–1) near 2.9 V (vs Ca2+/Ca) at a current
density of 7.5 mA g–1 in the first cycle. Structural,
electronic, and compositional changes are consistent with reversible
Ca2+ intercalation into these two materials.
The lithium–sulfur chemistry is regarded as a promising candidate for next-generation battery systems because of its high specific energy (1675 mAhg-1). Although issues such as the low cycle stability and power capability of the system remain to be addressed, extensive research has been performed experimentally to resolve these problems. Attaining a fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanism and its reaction product would further spur the development of lithium–sulfur batteries. Here, we investigated the charge transport mechanism of lithium sulfide (Li2S), a discharge product of conventional lithium-sulfur batteries using first-principles calculations. Our calculations indicate that the major charge transport is governed by the lithium-ion vacancies among various possible charge carriers. Furthermore, the large bandgap and low concentration of electron polarons indicates that the electronic conduction negligibly contributes to the charge transport mechanism in Li2S
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