We analyze the influence of gender diversity in top management on the environmental performance of French firms. Consistent with gender socialization theory, which posits that women are raised from childhood to be more nurturing and compassionate for others, we find that firms with more women in top management exhibit higher environmental performance. This result extends those already reported in the literature regarding the effect of gender diversity at board level. We also show that women in top management are associated with several key indicators such as development of eco-friendly products and commitment to resource reduction. Furthermore, we find that the influence of women is weaker in firms with a lower environmental performance and in firms with high growth opportunities since these firms are likely to prioritize their own development. This suggest, in line with social role theory, that women also adapt into the role that organizations expect from them.
International audienceOur study investigates the role of Private Equity-firms in forming alliances for their portfolio companies. Previous studies explore this role on the American and Italian Private Equity market by relying on mainstream theories. They mainly show that Private Equity-firms help reduce market inefficiencies that harm alliance formation. We complement these findings by relying on the knowledge based perspective of the firm, and investigate the role of Private Equity-firms in creating growth opportunities. This role is highlighted through a multiple case study with explanatory design, based on eight alliances formed in the presence of French Private Equity-firms.Cet article analyse le rôle de déclencheur des sociétés de capital-investissement dans la formation d’alliances pour leurs participations. Certaines études explorent ce rôle dans une perspective contractuelle, montrant le rôle du capital-investissement pour réduire les inefficiences empêchant la formation d’alliances. De façon complémentaire et à la différence de cette littérature, nous recourons à l’approche cognitive pour étudier le rôle de ces sociétés dans la création même d’opportunités de croissance. L’analyse se fait au travers d’une étude de cas multiples comprenant huit exemples d’alliances formées à l’initiative de quatre sociétés de capital-investissement françaises
L’article analyse les difficultés et risques auxquels font face les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) lors de la formation de coopérations interfirmes, et les rôles joués par les sociétés de capital-investissement dans leur diminution. Les PME font principalement face à une asymétrie informationnelle et une incertitude accrues en comparaison aux entreprises plus grandes. Les sociétés de capital-investissement permettent de réduire ces deux facteurs et d’instaurer une situation de confiance entre les futurs cocontractants, ce qui évite l’échec de la transaction. Une étude de cas multiples à visée infirmationniste menée sur le marché français du capital-investissement détaille ces principaux résultats.
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