Abstract. The progesterone (P4) profiles and macroscopic vulvar changes of female Malayan tapirs were investigated in order to understand their fundamental reproductive physiology and to search for visual indicators of estrus. Blood was collected once or twice a week from seven female Malayan tapirs kept at four zoos. Serum or plasma P4 concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. The P4 concentrations changed cyclically throughout the years, and a total of 56 cycles was confirmed in the seven females. The length of the estrous cycle based on the P4 profiles was 43.6 ± 2.0 days; however, this mean includes great variation in length, from 21 to 84 days. Mucous discharge from the vulva and vulvar swelling were seen when the P4 concentrations were low before the beginning of a rise in most cases. In conclusion, captive female Malayan tapirs have variations of approximately 1 to 3 months in estrous cycle length, and visual changes in the vulva are helpful in estimating estrus in female Malayan tapirs.
This study investigates whether the measurement of glucocorticoid metabolites (GCMs) in feces is a useful method for the noninvasive evaluation of stress in the endangered Tsushima leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus). Feces were collected from six seemingly healthy and five diseased (renal dysfunction, adrenal tumor, hernia, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline leukemia virus (FeLV)) Tsushima leopard cats in captivity. Fecal GCMs were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for cortisol. Individuals that experienced a physical examination under anesthesia showed increased fecal GCMs 1–2 days after the event. An individual diagnosed with disk herniation showed decreased fecal GCMs after medical administration. The mean fecal GCM concentrations for six healthy animals and five diseased animals were 0.66 ± 0.08 and 2.65 ± 0.76 μg/g, respectively, which was significantly different. Cortisol and corticosterone were not clearly detected in the feces examined by the use of the HPLC-EIA analysis. GCMs may be excreted in the feces; however, the exact identification of these substances is not achieved. The results suggest that the measurement of fecal GCMs is useful for the husbandry and health management of this species.
77tzY7JLF-[as5nltgrp,b・ttnEint\ ±Nreop-av reMieal i), gl;teL,ii2), 4gk#"N,K. i), lglzNftLX i), in7Kws22}, EEI;1deM2) 1) maec"TiZSIVSgenqigas T241-OOOI mazaffihgtK.LercNTI175-1 2) rtecifirlilz!kcesgen#igpa ABSTRACT, A rnulticentric squamous cell carcinoma was found in the orai cavity of an adult female Frang oisis learrnonkey (Trachypithecus .francoisifrancoisi). The monkey showed apparent swelling of the facial region, and physical examinations revealed gingival swelling and osteolysis of both the mandible and maxillary region, Incisor regions of the maxillary and mandibular bones were replaced by neoplastic tissue, and a white nodule was found on the right cervical lymph node, Histopathelogical exarninations revealed that the neoplasrn was composed of multiple variably-sized islands of malignant neoplastic squamous epithelia] cells with metastasis to the right cervical lymph node, This is the first report of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a leaf-monkey reared at a Japanese zoo. Key wordsi Squamous cell carcinoma, Oral cavity, Frangoisis leaf monkey Jpn. J, Zoo, WildL Med. 12(2) l117-121, 2007
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