Abstract:This study investigates a demand-side management problem in which multiple suppliers compete with each other to maximize their own revenue. We consider that suppliers have heterogeneous energy sources and individually set the unit price of each energy source. Then, consumers that share a net utility react to the suppliers' decisions on prices by deciding the amount of energy to request, or how to split the consumers' aggregated demand over multiple suppliers. In this case, the consumers need to consider the power loss and the price to pay for procuring electricity. We analyze the economic benefits of such a pricing competition among suppliers (e.g., a demand-side management that considers consumers' reaction). This is achieved by designing a hierarchical decision-making scheme as a multileader-multifollower Stackelberg game. We show that the behaviors of both consumers and suppliers based on well-designed utility functions converge to a unique equilibrium solution. This allows them to maximize the payoff from all participating consumers and suppliers. Accordingly, closed-form expressions are provided for the corresponding strategies of the consumers and the suppliers. Finally, we provide numerical examples to illustrate the effectiveness of the solutions. This game-theoretic study provides an example of incentives and insight for demand-side management in future power grids.
Abstract. Metadata is the clue to connecting videos and individual users. For a successful personalization, collecting more detailed and concrete metadata is important. This paper proposes a method to create and utilize metadata more precisely as a result of research on how to do the personalization better. For that, we propose a way to consume and utilizing a video in a series of segmented images so that can get the user's taste on specific sections or points of the video. Proposed method is implemented on the web site and the effectiveness of proposed method is revealed by comparing the site stay time and number of video usage per session between new visitors and returning visitors.
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