In the present study, the researchers have attempted to assess the relationship between empathy and perceived stress among college students of Karnataka and West Bengal in India. The data was collected using the Basic Empathy Scale for Adults (BES-A) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) from a sample of 214 college students, in which 107 were boys and 107 were girls. The study found that there was no significant relationship between their cognitive empathy and perceived stress but a significant relationship between their affective empathy and perceived stress was found and the correlation was found to be positive. The study also found that there was a significant gender difference in empathy among college students and girls had a higher empathy than boys, whereas in case of perceived stress, no significant gender difference was found; although the girls showed higher perceived stress levels than boys but the difference in their perceived stress levels was minimal. The implications of nurturing empathy and reducing perceived stress among the college students are discussed.
The current study sought to investigate young adults in the age range of 18 to 24 years' subjective well-being, locus of control, and self-efficacy following the Corona virus pandemic. The purpose of this study was to comprehend the relationship between subjective well-being, self-efficacy,and locus of control as well as any gender differences among young adults concerning the three variables and any variations in the three variables based on the socioeconomic status of the young adults. The findings showed that Subjective well-being and Self Efficacy had a significant positive relationship and a negative correlation with Locus of control. Subjective well-being and self-efficacy among young people did not differ based on gender. Subjective well-being and locus of control did not differ according to socioeconomic status,but self-efficacy levels did according to the socioeconomic status of the young people
SIR IR-Elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) has been shown to adversely affect pulmonary function (1). In infants high pulmonary compliance, decreased functional residual capacity and high airway resistance compared with adults makes them more likely to have adverse effect because of raised IAP.A 1.5-year, 10-kg male child presented with gradually increasing abdominal distension, vomiting and decreased appetite over 7 months. Abdominal ultrasound showed bilateral hydronephrosis from pelviureteric junction obstruction. The right kidney was 7.8 cm and left kidney 14.1 cm in size. He was scheduled for bilateral pyeloplasty. On examination his abdomen was distended and two soft swellings could be palpated. His preanesthesia evaluation was normal. The child was fasted for 6 h for solids and 2 h for plain water. He was premedicated with oral midazolam 0.5 mgAEkg )1 20 min before induction. He underwent inhalational induction with halothane and was intubated with 4.5 mm PVC tube after atracurium 0.5 mgAEkg )1 and bilateral equal air entry was confirmed. He was given a caudal block with 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. Anesthesia was maintained with halothane, oxygen, nitrous oxide (33 : 66), and intermittent doses of atracurium, and was mechanically ventilated using Aestiva anesthesia workstation (Datex-Ohmeda TM , Helsinki, Finland). Intraoperative monitoring included HR, NIBP, ECG, SpO 2 , P E CO CO 2 and temperature. Airway pressures, tidal volume and minute ventilation were also monitored. Right-sided pyeloplasty was performed first in the supine position with a sand bag placed at the back. Immediately after application of a self-retaining abdominal retractor airway pressures increased from baseline of 16-30 cm H 2 O and SpO 2 decreased from 99% to 96% but did not fall further. The lungs were auscultated to rule out bronchospasm and confirm bilateral equal air entry. Tracheal suctioning did not reveal excessive secretions. The stomach was decompressed by introducing an orogastric tube. However, all these maneuvers failed to lower the airway pressure. In the meantime the right pyeloplasty was completed and the retractor removed. The airway pressure decreased to 25 cm H 2 O. This was followed by left-sided pyeloplasty. Immediately after decompression of the left kidney the airway pressures returned to 14 cm H 2 O and saturation increased to 99%. Rest of the surgery and anesthesia was uneventful.
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