Background: The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) effectiveness in spontaneous and chewing pain reduction following initial orthodontic archwire placement. Methods: 26 patients (mean age 20.07 ± 3.13 years) with maxillary Little's Irregularity Index (LII) of 7 mm or more that indicates first maxillary premolars extraction and no medications intake were eligible for this trial. Patients were randomly assigned with 1:1 ratio using simple randomization technique to receive either LLL or placebo treatment. Blinding was applicable for patients only. In the laser group, patients received a single LLL dose (wavelength 830 nm, energy 2 J/point) in four points (2 buccal, 2 palatal) for each maxillary anterior tooth root. Patients in the placebo group had the same laser application procedure without emitting the laser beam. Patients were asked to score spontaneous and chewing pain intensity by filling out a questionnaire with a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment application. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean pain scores between the laser and placebo groups for both spontaneous and chewing pain at each studied time point. Results: No dropout occurred so the results of the 26 patients were statistically analyzed. Despite some clinical differences observed between the two groups, no statistical significance was found for each studied time point (p > 0.05) for both spontaneous and chewing pain except after 72 h for chewing pain with a VAS score of (18.84 ± 13.44) mm for the laser group compared to (38.15 ± 27.06) mm for the placebo group. Conclusions: LLLT, with the suggested parameters, is not effective in pain reduction following initial orthodontic archwire placement. Trial registration: Name of the registry: Clinicaltrials.gov Trial registration number: NCT02568436. Date of registration: 26 September 2015 'Retrospectively registered'.
Objectives:
To evaluate the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with its growth factors in minimizing the side effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the periodontal tissue of anchoring teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods:
A randomized, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted on 18 patients aged 12–16 years (14 ± 1.65) with a skeletal maxillary constriction who underwent RME using a Hyrax appliance. The sample was randomly divided into two groups: intervention and control sides. PRP was prepared and injected on the buccal aspect of supporting teeth in the intervention group. High-resolution CBCT imaging (H-CBCT) was carried out preoperatively (T0) and after 3 months of retention (T1) to study the buccal bone plate thickness (BBPT) and buccal bone crest level (BBCL) of anchoring teeth. Changes induced by expansion were evaluated using paired sample t-test (P < .05).
Results:
Results showed that there was no significant difference in BBPT and BBCL between the two groups after RME (P > .05). The prevalence of dehiscence and fenestrations was increased at (T1) in both groups and the percentage was higher in the PRP group.
Conclusions:
RME induced vertical and horizontal bone loss. PRP did not minimize alveolar defects after RME.
The aim of this study is (1) to inspect any difference in mandibular arch widths between males and females in class I and class II division 1 (class malocclusions using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), (2) to compare the mandibular dental and basal widths between the two groups, and (3) to investigate any possible correlation between dental and basal arch widths in both groups. The CBCT images of 68 patients aged between 18 and 25 years consisted of 34 class I (17 males and 17 females) and 34 class (17 males and 17 females) who were recruited at the Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School (Syria). Using on-demand three-dimensional (3D) on axial views, facial axis points for dental measurements and basal bone center (BBC) points for basal measurements were identified on lower canines and first molars. Dental and basal intercanine width (ICW) and intermolar width (IMW) were measured. Independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference between males and females in several variables in both groups and a statistically significant difference between class I and class groups in the basal ICW for both genders and in the dental ICW for females only (p < 0.05). In class I group, Pearson's correlation coefficients between dental and basal measurements showed a strong correlation in the IMW for both genders (r > 0.73; p < 0.01) and a moderate correlation in females' ICW (r = 0.67; p < 0.01). In the class group, a moderate correlation in females' IMW (r = 0.67; p < 0.01) was found. Females compared with males had narrower dimensions. Class I patients had larger ICW than class II-1 patients in all measurements and had narrower IMW than class in most measurements for both genders. There were moderate-to-strong correlations between dental and basal dimensions. BBC points might be landmarks that accurately represent the basal bone arch. CBCT-based assessments of dental and basal arch dimensions provide a great opportunity to accurately evaluate these aspects, to enhance clinicians' decisions regarding proper tooth movements, and to achieve good dentoalveolar intra-arch harmony. Basal arch, Class I, Class Cone-beam computed tomography, Dental arch, Intercanine width, Intermolar width.
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