Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) from 31 patients, cirrhotic livers from 7 patients and normal liver from 8 patients were immunohistochemically assessed in frozen sections using anti-P-glycoprotein (Pgp) monoclonal antibody C219. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-Ki-67 monoclonal antibody MIB-1 was performed for 22 HCCs to assess proliferative activity. Tumor tissues expressed Pgp on the biliary surface and on the luminal surface of cancer cells, which was less extensive than in normal and cirrhotic liver hepatocytes. Expression of Pgp was closely associated with the degree of histological differentiation and the histological type of HCC. Labeling indices (LI) of Pgp expression were 0.68 ± 0.06 (mean ± SD) in well, 0.51 ± 0.14 in moderately and 0.04 ± 0.06 in poorly differentiated HCC (significant differences among the three groups). LI of Pgp expression in the trabecular (0.55 ± 0.15) and in the pseudoglandular types (0.44 ± 0.10) were remarkably higher than in the compact type (0.04 ± 0.06). The extent of Pgp expression in HCC was significantly inversely related to the extent of Ki-67 expression, in which Pgp expression decreased in highly proliferating tumors. In conclusion, Pgp expression in HCC was clearly related to its proliferative activity.

This study was aimed to evaluate how simultaneous resection of the bowel influences hepatic regeneration after partial hepatectomy (HTX). Two hundred and sixty-four rats underwent 70% partial HTX, ileocecal resection (ICR), transverse colon resection (TR), colon amputation and simulatenous resection of the liver and the bowel (HTX+ICR, HTX+TR). Hepatic DNA synthesis was remarkably suppressed by simultaneous resection compared with the 70% HTX group (p < 0.01). In simultaneous resection groups, delayed enhanced hepatic protein synthesis (HPS) was observed after the operation as compared with the 70% HTX group, which showed an early postoperative peak of HPS. Postoperative anastomosis leakage occurred more frequently and survival rates were significantly lower in simultaneous resection groups. Higher plasma endotoxin levels of the portal and the peripheral veins were found in simultaneous resection groups as compared with other groups (p < 0.01-0.001). This study suggested that simultaneous resection of the bowel with partial HTX might inhibit hepatic regeneration and result in the increased risk of anastomosis leakage and high surgical mortality rate by increased plasma endotoxin levels and delayed enhanced HPS.

LSG improved the secretion of adipocytokines, increased FGF-19 secretion soon after surgery, and slowly ameliorated inflammation related to obesity through significant weight loss.

The most common cause of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in adults is insulinoma. Nesidioblastosis is a rare, but well-recognized disorder of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in infancy, but adult-onset nesidioblastosis associated with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, termed noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome (NIPHS), has been reported. Here, we describe an extremely rare case of NIPHS in an elderly man. A 78-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to hypoglycemic coma. During the previous 3 months, he noticed excessive sweating at midafternoon. His low fasting plasma glucose level (27 mg/dl) and high immunoreactive insulin level (11.1 U/ml) were consistent with the possible presence of insulinoma. Localizing studies including computed tomography of the abdomen and celiac arteriography were negative, but selective arterial calcium infusion (SACI) test suggested the presence of insulinoma in the body and tail of the pancreas. Surgical exploration by palpation and intraoperative ultrasonography failed to detect any mass in the pancreas, and 60% distal pancreatectomy was performed. Postoperatively, his hypoglycemic episodes completely disappeared. Histological examination of the resected pancreas revealed diffuse islet cell hyperplasia consistent with a pathological diagnosis of nesidioblastosis. Thus, our case is a very rare case of NIPHS, or adult-onset nesidioblastosis, in which SACI test was proven to be a useful diagnostic tool for localization of the pancreatic lesion. Key words: hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, nesidioblastosis, noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NPHS), selective arterial calcium injection (SACI)

Lesser omental hernia is a rare type of hernia that can cause intestinal obstruction. To our knowledge, there are only 16 documented cases of lesser omental hernia, including the present case. The subject of this case report was a 42-year-old man with a history of total colectomy for colon perforation caused by Crohn's disease 15 years earlier, who presented with epigastralgia and vomiting. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a distended bowel loop ventral to the stomach and convergence of mesenteric vessels at the lesser curvature of the stomach. Based on a diagnosis of intestinal obstruction caused by a lesser omental hernia, he underwent emergency surgery, which revealed a 150-cm jejunal segment herniating through a 5-cm defect in the lesser omentum from the retrogastric space. We reduced the herniated loop and closed the hernial orifice successfully. We describe the characteristic CT findings, which allowed us to make the preoperative diagnosis, and speculate how the past total colectomy, in which the gastrocolic ligament was isolated and the transverse colon was resected, probably caused by this hernia. This case serves to demonstrate that lesser omental hernia could be a postoperative complication of total colectomy.