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Aim To investigate effect of <10 min moderate intensity exercise on cardiovascular function and maximal oxygen consumption ( V O 2 max) among sedentary adults.Methods We studied 53 sedentary urbanites aged ≥50 years, randomised into: (1) male (M S ) and (2) female (F S ) undertaking three short-duration exercise (5-10 min) daily, and (3) male (M L ) and (4) female (F L ) exercising 30-60 min 3-5 days weekly. Resting systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate and V O 2 max were measured at baseline and 8 weekly for 24 weeks.

BackgroundSedentary lifestyles and related morbidities are rising among adults despite existing exercise recommendations. Appealing exercise regimes yielding similar/better body composition should be sought.ObjectiveWe investigated the effect of moderate-intensity exercise bouts of <10 min on body composition in previously sedentary adults.MethodsThis unblinded study enrolled 53 healthy sedentary volunteers aged ≥50 years, randomised into one of two gender-balanced exercise interventions: (1) male and (2) female short-duration bouts (MS, n=14; FS, n = 13), and (3) male and (4) female long-duration bouts (ML, n=13; FL, n=13). Short-duration bouts entailed 5–10 min of jogging thrice daily; long-duration bouts, 30–60 min 3–5 days weekly. Body composition was determined at recruitment and 8-weekly thereafter, for 24 weeks.ResultsAt baseline, 14.3% of MS, 38.5% of ML, 92.3% of FS and 69.2% of FL were obese, dropping to 7.1%, 15.4%, 61.5% and 30.8%, respectively. For waist:height ratio, 64.3 % of MS, 76.9% of ML, 100% of FS and 84.6.3% of FL had ratios >0.5, dropping to 42.9%, 30.8%, 92.9% and 26.2%, respectively. While baseline MS and ML waist:hip ratio (WHR) ≥0.9 were 64.3% and 69.2%, respectively, they correspondingly dropped to 23.1% and 21.4%. The FS and FL with WHR ≥0.85 dropped from 46.2% to 15.4% and from 30.8% to 7.7%, respectively. Body composition variables improved for both sexes (all p <0.05) and mean change between exercise regimes was comparable for both sexes.ConclusionIn equal cumulative times, moderate-intensity exercise bouts lasting <10 min are comparable with current 30–60 min bouts in body composition modification for adults of ≥50 years.

ObjectivesWe compared effects of shorter moderate-intensity exercise time (<10 min bouts) on cardiometabolic parameters with the current recommendations among elderly adults.MethodsFifty-three sedentary individuals aged ≥50 years were divided into exercise groups1: male and2 female short-duration bouts (MS and FS, respectively), and3 male and4 female long-duration bouts (ML and FL, respectively). Short-duration bouts consisted three 5–10 min moderate-intensity jogging sessions daily, and long-duration bouts consisted 30–60 min sessions 3–5 days weekly. Cumulative exercise times were equivalent. Physical activity (PA) was measured by log and activity monitors. Fasting venous blood at baseline and 8 weekly intervals was used for blood chemistry.ResultsAfter 24 weeks, MS and FS with total cholesterol (TC) of >5.2 mmol/L and >5.3 mmol/L decreased from 22.2% to 14.8% and from 30.9% to 11.5%, respectively. For ML, this decreased from 25.9% to 3.7%, while FL had 0% change. In MS and ML, TC/high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) of >5.0 mmol/L dropped from 22.2% to 7.4% and from 22.2% to 15.4%, respectively. In FS and FL, TC/HDL of >4.5 mmol/L declined from 19.2% to 7.7% and from 19.2% to 3.8%, respectively. MS and ML with fasting blood glucose of ≥5.5 mmol/L declined from 40.7% to 11.1% and from 33.3% to 3.7%, respectively. Similarly, it declined from 46.2% to 0% and 42.3% to 11.5% for FS and FL, respectively. There were no differences in the changes between regimes throughout the study.ConclusionBouts lasting <10 min per session are as good as those lasting;≥30 min in improving cardiometabolic profiles of sedentary adults aged ≥50 years.

Chronic disease, more prevalent among the elderly, is influenced by body composition and cardio-metabolic physiognomies. Aim: In this study, body composition, cardiovascular, and metabolic function in sedentary but healthy Kenyan individuals of ≥ 50 years was determined. Methods: For 53 volunteers from Eldoret, Kenya, their biological, demographic characteristics, metabolic functions, cardiovascular performance, and body composition measurements were done before they were subjected to a Shuttle Run Test (SRT). Following SRT, their cardiovascular parameters were measured, and maximal oxygen consumption estimated. Fasting blood sugars and lipid profiles were measured after a 12-hour fast. Results: For males and females, respectively, the following parameters were recorded: average ages 55.5 ± 3.0 and 53.9 ± 3.0 years, BMI > 24.9 Kg/M 2 in 67% and 88.5%, waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.5 in 70% and 88.5%, waist-hip ratio 78% (≥ 0.90) and 38.5% (≥ 0.85), and blood pressure >140/90 mmHg in 22.2% and 23.1%. Pre-diabetic to diabetic values were found in 70.4% males and 88.5% females. The percent body fat was 22.3 ± 8.0 and 38.3 ± 4.69 in males and females, respectively. Lipid profile for males and females, respectively, showed high Total Cholesterol (TC) in 48.1% and 42.3%, anomalous Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) in 29.6% and 26.9%, lower than normal HDL levels in 29.6% and 23.1%, elevated triglycerides in 22.2% and 7.7%, abnormal TC/HDL ratio in 44.4% and 38.5% females, higher LDL/HDL in 33.3% and 34.6%, and critical Triglycerides/HDL levels in 7.4% and 3.8%. Overall, 51.9% of males and 53.8% of females showed features consistent with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Majority of elderly sedentary Kenyans have body compositions and cardio-metabolic profiles below that for good cardiopulmonary fitness.

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