Generally, a phase array antenna calculates an array component using a phase delay of a signal. The phase array calculation method using the phase delay has the advantage of easy calculation; however, it is unsuitable for calculating the phase array performance in a wide frequency band, primarily because the electric length calculated at a single frequency. In this paper, an array antenna calculation method using the time delay is introduced. The proposed method has the advantage of being able to calculate the performance without being affected by the frequency as it is calculated using the speed of radio waves. Moreover, it can calculate errors that are difficult to understand in the calculation that uses the phase delay. The two calculation methods are compared using MATLAB. As a result of the calculation, it is possible to simultaneously calculate the frequency band of 30 to 50 GHz for 5 dipoles in a uniform linear array environment, and the error rate was less than 0.2 %. Accordingly, efficient calculation of wideband arrayed antennas can be achieved by applying the arrayed antenna signal processing method using time delay. Furthermore, it is expected to be applicable in the field of phased array performance analysis simulator.
In this study, a wideband, low-loss waveguide power combiner is designed and manufactured using a waveguide-to-microstrip signal transition feed and resistive septum, which can be applied to waveguides in the W-band. The waveguide power combiner has a T-junction structure and is implemented by locating the transition feed at a length of λ/4, where the E-field is maximized, and combining the resistive septum manufactured by the NiCr thin film process. The performance is verified using a passive integrated circuit IC in the form of a microstrip line matched with 50 Ω to the manufactured combiner, and the combined characteristics according to the presence or absence of a resistive septum are confirmed by mounting a power amplifier PA. The isolation of the combiner with the resistive septum is −15 dB compared with the 9 dB without a resistive septum, which improves the simulation results. The power combining module manufactured using the passive IC exhibits a low insertion loss of approximately 0.75 dB (@ 78 GHz) after the output stage with the transition structure and including the resistive septum structure. As a result of constructing a power combining module with a waveguide structure using an MMIC with an amplification gain of approximately 20 dB and an output performance of 26 dBm, in the absence of a resistive septum, a low-power-combining characteristic of approximately 8 dB gain and 14 dBm is achieved. When a resistive septum is applied, it exhibits a stable amplification gain of approximately 18 dB and output performance of 28.4 dBm (2.4 dB combined gain).
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