The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been considered risk factors for breast cancer, but association studies of breast cancer risk using simple GI and GL might be affected by confounding effects of the overall diet. A total of 357 cases and 357 age-matched controls were enrolled, and dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 103 food items. GI and GL dietary patterns were derived by reduced rank regression (RRR) method. The GI and GL pattern scores were positively associated with breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women [OR (95%CI): 3.31 (1.06-10.39), p for trend=0.031; 9.24 trend=0.043). The GI and GL pattern scores were positively associated with the risk of breast cancer in subgroups consumed were positively associated with breast cancer.
There has been few papers regarding the pathologic changes of kidney induced by contrast m e dia. especia lly in terms of iodine concentration or osmolarity. In order to evaluate histopathologic changes. a series of rat kidneys.after injection of iodinated contrast media. w ere examined. A total of 220 rats were divided into two groups:those given Urografin-60% by 6.3mI/Kg(l 840mg/6.3ml):those given Urografin-76% by 5ml/Kg(l 850mgl5mi). (the same a mount of iodine but at different iodine concentration) . The kidneys were removed and microscopically examined on 1. 2. 3. 5 , 7 ' 10th days, 2nd , 3rd , 4th , 6th a nd 12th weeks after injection of contrast m edia , respectivelyThe results were as follows:Renal pathologic changes induced by contrast media were congestion and ectatic change of the interstitial vessels, epithelial degeneration a nd necrosis of the collectiong ducts. Congestion of interstitial vessels and e pithelial degeneration and necrosis of the collecting ducts w ere severe in the higher iodine concentration Urografin-76% group(2100 Osm/Kg H,O) than the Urografin-60% group( 1500 Osm/Kg H,O ). And above pathological changes persisted for 12weeks without significant interval changesThe authors conclude that the renal da mage induced by ionic contrast m edia becom es more severe in higher concentrations or osmolarities in spite of the same amount of iodine and that the pathologic changes persisted until 12weeks without improvement lndex Words: Kidney , injuries 81 1.64
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