In recent years, the second-generation bioethanol and advanced bio-based material production from biomass are focused on the pretreatment process by separating cellulose components from other components such as lignin and hemicellulose. Therefore, a physicochemical pretreatment method is needed by applying a non-thermal pulsed electric field (PEF) and alkali methods to increase the cellulose availabilities with a short process and low energy input. The aim of this study was to analyze the lignocellulose content of corncob biomass by using non-thermal pulsed electric fields (PEF) and NaOH pretreatment. The pretreatment factors used were the electric field strength of PEF and the pretreatment time. Analysis of the structure and elements of the lignocellulose based on the characteristics of the gravimetric method and SEM-EDX for untreated and treated samples. The results showed that pretreatment of corncobs biomass by using PEF optimally at an electric field strength of 9 kV/cm and pretreatment time of 60 seconds that was increasing cellulose of 40.59% when compared with the control and also decreasing the hemicellulose and lignin content of 12.9% and 2.02%, respectively. Under these conditions, the energy per pulse and specific input energy of PEF required 0.0205 J and 8.72 kJ/L, respectively. The microstructure analysis by using SEM-EDX showed significantly visual differences and was an increase in the percentage of C and O atoms between untreated and treated corncob biomass. Furthermore, the corncob biomass treated by using non-thermal PEF and alkali can become effective and efficient for the next process into cellulose-derived products.Keywords: corncob biomass; pulsed electric field; NaOH; pretreatment; cellulose
Side effect of conventional cancer terapy has driven researches to find alternative therapy. People in the province of West Nusa Tenggara, especially the Sasak tribe, perform medical treatments that refer to the traditional Lontar Usada manuscript. One of the plants mentioned in this manuscript was jamblang plant (Syzygium cumini). This study aims to explore and determine the potential of S. cumini leaves extract as an anti-cervical cancer. Extraction was carried out by the Soxhlet method using ethyl acetate, methanol, and water as solvents. The extract obtained was tested for Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), FTIR test, and cytotoxicity test for the MTT method using HeLa cells. TLC exhibited that the extract contain phenol and flavonoid. FTIR analyzed that the extract had functional groups O-H phenols, C-H alkanes, C=C alkenes, C=0 ketone, C=C aromatic ring, NO2 nitro compound, and C=C alkenes. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate, methanolic and water extract were 443.80 + 0.33; 305.80 + 0.28; and 45.80 + 0.11 mg GAE / g, and 74 + 0.12; 70 + 0.28; and 34 + 0.21 mg QE / g. Ethyl acetate extract showed highest cytotoxicity with IC50 value 330.50 + 1.59, followed by methanol extract 378.35 + 2.84 and water extract 3608.84 + 0.85.
In recent years, the second-generation bioethanol and advanced bio-based material production from biomass are focused on the pretreatment process by separating cellulose components from other components such as lignin and hemicellulose. Therefore, a physicochemical pretreatment method is needed by applying non-thermal pulsed electric field (PEF) and alkali methods to increase the cellulose availabilities with a short process and low energy input. The aim of this study was to analyze the lignocellulose content of corncob biomass by using non-thermal pulsed electric fields (PEF) and NaOHpretreatment. The pretreatment factors used were the electric field strength of PEF and the pretreatment time. Analysis of the structure and elements of the lignocellulose based on the characteristics of the gravimetric method and SEM-EDX for control and treated samples. The results showed that pretreatment of corncobs biomass by using PEF optimally at an electric field strength of 9 kV/cm and pretreatment time of 60 seconds that was increasing cellulose of 40.59% when compared with the control and also decreasing the hemicellulose and lignin content of 12.9% and 2.02%, respectively. Under these conditions, the energy per pulse and specific input energy of PEF required 0.0205 J and 8.72 kJ/L, respectively. The microstructure analysis by using SEM-EDX showed significantly visual differences and was an increase in the percentage of C and O atoms between untreated and treated samples. Furthermore, the corncob biomass treated by using non-thermal PEF and alkali can effective and efficient for the next process into cellulose-derived products.
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