Teenage pregnancy is one of the social problems in South Africa and is of great significance, as it affects the education of young girls. Previous studies indicate that pregnant teenagers are more likely to be at risk of complications of pregnancy than older women. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes toward teenage pregnancy among high school learners. A sample of 181 learners was taken from three selected schools in Eastern Cape. The learners were recruited and served as study participants. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which was designed to measure the knowledge and attitudes toward teenage pregnancy. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The results showed an 11.7 percent prevalence of teenage pregnancy among the learners. The learners sampled from the three selected schools were found to have positive knowledge and attitudes regarding teenage pregnancy. The results of the study may inform teenage pregnancy prevention and intervention strategies aimed at high school learners.
Religious and cultural beliefs among the communities residing on the edge of forests areas are important in developing human-wildlife conflict mitigation measures and conservation of various endangered species. Kilpura-Khatima-Surai wildlife corridor is an important linkage between national and trans-boundary wildlife habitats. The present study was conducted to understand the people attitude toward wildlife conservation through structured questionnaire survey of households in Terai Arc Landscape. Our finding reveals that though the wildlife corridor has been severely altered due to various anthropogenic activities, however, the mythological understanding of the inhabiting community has a major role in driving the attitude toward wildlife conservation. These profound beliefs constitute flexible behaviour
Traditional foods of Indigenous peoples are composed of ingredients from the local environment that are culturally acceptable. The Indian Himalayan region is known for its diverse tribal population, and each of them exhibits a distinct food culture. The present study has been conducted first time to document the diverse traditional food practices of Jaad Bhotiya, a lesser-known tribe of the Gangotri landscape, Uttarakhand, India. The community holds a varied range of ethnic foods; however, 13 traditional dishes are described in the present article. This study reflects a clear understanding of their preference, importance, and causes of transitions. It is noteworthy that the elders were highly attached to ethnic foods while the younger generation has limited fondness for it. The current transitional pattern is an issue of concern for policymakers, anthropologists, and the community itself. Nonetheless, a holistic policy approach to conserve traditional foods may provide an opportunity to sustain these unique practices.
The present study was conducted to assess vascular plant diversity in a modified habitat in Shivalik region. Extensive surveys were conducted to document the species in each season and identification was done with the help of regional floras. A total of 191 species comprising 181 species of angiosperms (176 genera and 76 families), 2 species of pteridophytes (2 genera and 1 family), and 8 species of gymnosperms (7 genera and 5 families) were observed. The dominant Angiosperms families include Asteraceae (18 genera and 18 species), followed by Fabaceae (16 genera and 18 species), Lamiaceae (8 genera and 9 species), Solanaceae (5 genera and 9 species), Amaranthaceae (7 genera and 8 species), Euphorbiaceae (4 genera and 8 species) and Apocynaceae (6 genera and 7 species). In Gymnosperms, 5 families were recorded which include family Pinaceae, Cycadaceae, Zamiaceae, Araucariaceae and Cupressaceae. In pteridophytes, only two species of the family Pteridaceae were recorded. The categorizations on the basis of species habit, 96 species were recorded as herbs, 23 shrubs, 48 trees, 14 climbers, 8 grasses and 2 species of ferns. On the basis of species economic importance, 111 species had medicinal value, 43 ornamental, 8 medicinal-edible, 8 fodder, 7 edible, 2 medicinalornamental, 2 edible-fodder, 1 medicinal-timber, 1 fuel-fodder, 1 fuel-timber-edible-ornamental, 1 medicinal-fiber, 1 medicinal-fuel-fodder-religious, 1 ornamental-fuel, 1 ornamental-religious, 1 condiment uses while rests of the 2 species have other uses. In terms of occurrence, 36.64% species were native, while 63.35% species were non-native. The study provides baseline information on a modified habitat in an important eco-region and would be helpful in monitoring the changes in future.
Alien plant species have captured attention of the scientific community, ecologists, and environmentalists throughout the world. Like other regions, the Himalayan region is also grappling with the disrupting impacts of plant invasions. Based on an extensive review of studies conducted on alien plant species in the Indian Himalayan region, we report 728 alien plant species belonging to 450 genera under 108 families in the state of Uttarakhand, which represents 15% of the state’s flora. Fabaceae (89 species under 49 genera) followed by Asteraceae (63 species under 43 genera) and Poaceae (50 species under 35 genera) were the most diverse families amid alien species. Eucalyptus (15 species) followed by Ipomoea and Euphorbia (12 species each) and Pinus (11 species) were the most diverse genera. The maximum numbers of aliens (mostly herbs) in the state were introduced from America, followed by Europe. Owing to relatively high number of alien plant species in Uttarakhand, it is submitted that serious ecological and socio-economic consequences are likely to escalate in the future.
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