This report is devoted to one of topical questions of a seismic building-to specification of seismicity of a territory depending on concrete soil conditions of the building area. It is noticed that the method of seismo-districts widely applied now possesses suffer from grave shortcomings, in particular, with reference to concrete soil conditions. It in great degrees concerns a choice of the reference soil corresponding to seismicity of territory on a card of seismic zoning. For definition increment mark of seismicity on others soils concerning the reference the indicator of acoustic rigidity (product of density of a soil for speed of distribution of seismic waves) and position of level of subsoil waters is used. At such approach to the question decision all soils (except rock) give an identical increment mark, irrespective of their properties and conditions. As have shown results of numerous experimental researches, question decisions above-mentioned by practically in all cases yield the results far differing from observed phenomenon in the nature. It is based on that the indicator of acoustic rigidity not in all soils depends on their humidity (sand, gravel, rubble, rigid clay and rock). Humidity of a soil can be a matter only for clay soils in plastic conditions. Besides in the given approach to the question decision are not considered physic-mechanical and stability indicators of a concrete soil, in each special case providing its seismic stability. The proposed method offered by the author is deprived above mention lacks.
The appointment of safe pressure, taking into account static and dynamic effects on the foundation of buildings and constructions remains an urgent and at the same time a complex construction problem. The design and construction of sky-scrapers, the weakness of the bearing capacity of the foundation soils in connection with urbanization in seismic areas, necessitates the development of new solutions to this problem. The article summarizes the results of research in this direction. Calculation of safe loading on the foundation of constructions according to the proposed formula, taking into account the seismic inertial force, ensures the supposed deformation of the soil under the construction. The value of this engineering is determined by its simple development by designers and builders.
This report presents the results of the author's research on the dilution of water-saturated cohesive soils in the conditions of concussions. The nature of the weakening of the soil connectivity during vibration and the dynamic pressure that occurs in the thickness during the compaction of the disturbed soil structures, which contribute to the liquefaction and spreading of the soil from the body of the structure, is described. The criterion of the possibility of violation of the soil structure in the conditions of concussions is given. A theoretical method for determining this important indicator of the seismic strength of the soil is given.
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