Pneumocytoma is a rare benign tumor of the lung that usually manifests as a solitary pulmonary nodule. A 69-year lady, who had history of tuberculosis treatment 20 years ago, admitted to the hospital. A round mass was seen on chest radiography. Thorax computed tomography was reported as a round lesion in the left lung. Fiberoptic broncoscopy, computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and intraoperative frozen section analyses were undiagnostic. We performed wedge resection with minithoracotomy. Pathologic examination was reported as pneumocytoma. The patient did not receive any chemotherapy or radiotherapy after the operation. After 41 months' follow-up, no recurrent lesion was seen.

Ethical physicians seem to have become an uncommon entity in modern day medical practice. Many patients and physicians feel that the profession of medicine is not living up to its own standards and expectations. One of the reasons is the lack of knowledge of the medial professionals about their religion and medical ethics. The ethics is not being right or wrong, instead it is the process of making better decisions or worse decisions compared to the worst decision. The introduction of newer technology in medical field such as organ transplantation, biotechnical parenting, blood transfusion, surrogacy, gender identification on fetal ultrasound, female genital mutilation has posed Muslim physicians and patients with some new questions of ethics. We look upon issues from the perspective of Muslim doctors and it is therefore important to discuss few of the practices according Quran, Sunnah. If the answers are not given in Quran and sunnah then one may turn to Ijma.

Introduction: Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures are second most common facial injuries. These fracture are managed either by open reduction with rigid fixation or conservatively. Objective: To compare infra orbital nerve outcome in zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures treated surgically and conservatively. Methodology: The current randomized controlled trial study was carried out at Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Sandeman Provincial Hospital/Bolan Medical College Quetta from 23/04/2018 to 22/10/2018 after the synopsis approval. Total sample size calculated was 100. 50 patients in Group-A were treated by open reduction and internal fixation technique and 50 patients in Group-B were managed conservatively without any intervention. All the data was recorded in a specialized proforma for this study. Data analysis was done by SPSS. Results: The overall mean age (SD) of the patient’s was 36.2±7.1 years. Most of the patients (n=64, 64.0%) were 31-45 years old. The male patients in our study were 65 (65.0%) whereas female participants were 35 (35.0%). For detection of mechanical threshold, the patients proportion with sensations at 3cm filament length was significantly lower in patients who underwent surgical treatment (78.0% vs. 100.0%; p-value<0.001) as compared to the participants managed conservatively. It was also lower significantly at 5cm and 7cm for Group-A in comparison to Group-B (p-value≤0.05). For detection of heat threshold, the patients proportion with sensation at 32°C was no different between Group-A and Group-B (p-value=0.529). However, proportion of patients with sensations at 35oC (64.0% vs. 100.0%; p-value<0.001) and 37oc (90.0% vs. 100.0%; p-value=0.022) was lower significantly in surgically treated patients. Pain threshold detection was significantly lower in patients who underwent surgical treatment (1.26±0.44 vs. 1.58±0.49; p-value<0.001) in comparison to conservative treatment. Conclusion: In patients with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures, infra orbital nerve outcome was superior in patients managed conservatively than those treated with open reduction and internal fixation which advocates evading unnecessary intervention in such cases in future practice. Keywords: Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures, Conservative Treatment, Infra Orbital Nerve

Background: In Asia, Pakistan has the highest incidence of breast cancer with 1 in 8 women will develop breast cancer at some stage of their life. Delays in presentation and diagnosis are major determinants of breast cancer survival, but these have not been comprehensively investigated in Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from June 2017 till October 2018 at Radiology department of Bolan medical complex hospital in Quetta, Pakistan. Patients with breast cancer above the age of 18 and below 70 years were interviewed who were diagnosed with breast cancer. The time interval between self-detection and deciding to seek care was defined as delayed if the woman presented to a health care professional three months or more after detecting an abnormalityResults: A total of 86 breast cancer patients fulfilling the criteria were included in the study. Of these, 34% presented to physician within 3 months of appearance of symptoms, 68% patients presented with a delayed of more than 3 months. Presentation delay was due to financial issues which were seen in 30 patients. 18 patients (20.9%) showed delayed to due difficulty in reaching hospitals, 16 patients (18%) stated delay due to prior use of alternative therapies. Embarrassment and spiritual belief constituted 4.6% cases. 51% and 36% presented with stage III and IV disease out of which majority belonged to poor socio-economic status.Conclusions: The findings suggest that majority of the patients with breast cancer presented late and this has significant effect on their disease prognosis. Most cases of breast cancer presented in advanced stage probably due to poor economic status, difficulty in reaching hospital, illiteracy and negligence by patient or family.

Background: More awareness regarding the postmenopausal syndrome (PMS) is needed for women to leading a quality life. Postmenopausal symptoms adversely affect the life expectancy and quality of life (QoL) of women. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and awareness regarding the postmenopausal syndrome among women above 30 years in Quetta, Pakistan. This study was to assess the amount of knowledge women have about postmenopause, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional, interview-based survey was conducted from January to September 2016. An estimated 447 women (aged above 30 years) were selected. Their knowledge about the postmenopausal syndrome was assessed by a structured questionnaire. A convenient sampling technique was used to collect data. Results: A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed, of which 447 were returned (response rate: 81%). The mean age of the respondents was 38.06 ± 6.194 years. The mean of the total knowledge score was 12.77 ± 3.910. Totally, 53.0% had adequate knowledge regarding the postmenopausal syndrome and 47.0% had a poor knowledge regarding the postmenopausal syndrome.A total of 73.5% of the respondents were aware of the age of menopause. Majority of the respondents know the causes of the postmenopausal syndrome. An estimated 45.3% knew that it can be diagnosed by a blood test. A total of 43.8% did not know about the hormone replacement therapy used for the treatment of the postmenopausal syndrome. Conclusion:The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge among Quetta women regarding the postmenopausal syndrome, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and complications. This study found that the knowledge among women regarding the postmenopausal syndrome is important for improving their QoL and for managing the symptoms of the postmenopausal syndrome. The study participants showed an adequate level of knowledge about the postmenopausal syndrome; however, there were areas of knowledge that need improvement by health education. Healthcare professionals should give all the necessary information to women about the postmenopausal syndrome. The ratio of poor knowledge can be improved by raising the awareness and increasing the education level of women.