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New compounds of trimethoprim heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized. These compounds were synthesized through the condensation reaction between trimethoprim with bromoacetic acid to yield compound 1. Several Schiff bases 2-7 have been synthesized by the condensation different aromatic aldehydes with compound 1. Compound 8 were formed from the reaction of sodium nitrite and acetyl acetone in presence of conc. hydrogen chloride to obtain the hydrazono derivative; then, Cyclocondensation of compound 8 with hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine and dinitrophenyl hydrazine respectively to yield compounds 9-11 in ethanol affording the pyrazoline derivatives. This work involves the synthesis of some 1,2,3-Triazoles derived from compound 1 by the action of sodium azide on the diazonium chloride salt to yield 5-azido-8-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-3(2H)-one 12. Finally, by reaction of 12 with acetyl acetone and ethyacetoacetate; respectively in sodium ethoxide/ethanol as a solvent to form compounds 13, 14. The structures of the compounds 1-14 were characterized by elemental analysis, spectral data and antimicrobial evaluation of the some newly synthesized compounds and found that the synthesized compounds are active against tested Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Proteus.

In this study, the new azetidinones were synthesized from Schiff bases 2(a-j) that derived from amoxicillin (1) on treatment with chloroacetyl chloride in presence of triethylamine gave azetidinone 3(a-j). The structure of these compounds have been elucidated on the basis of their physical and spectral. Azetidinone  compounds were also screened for  their antibacterial activity against some bacterial species using amoxicillin as standard.

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Manganese (Mn) is expected in the majority of freshwater sources due to the wide usage of this element in many industries, such as steel and battery industries, where its concentration in some water bodies could exceed 9600 μg/L. High concentrations of Mn cause many diseases such as Parkinsonism, and lung diseases. The present investigation explores an electrocoagulation unit to remove manganese from water. The electrodes of the electrocoagulation unit are made from iron and aluminium (iron anode, and aluminium cathode). This cell is employed to remediate water samples with 2000 μg/L of manganese. The impacts of many different operating factors, specifically the initial pHs, electric currents, and distances between electrodes, on manganese removals was tested to attend the best performance of manganese removal. The central composite method was applied for the optimization of the operating conditions. Additionally, the estimated power consumption was calculated under the optimum conditions. The outcomes of this investigation revealed that at initial pH of 6.0, the current density of 0.5 mA/cm2, and inter-electrode distances of 5 mm, the maximum manganese removal efficiency (97.2 %) was achieved. Additionally, the reuired power consumption was 3.2 kWh/m3, while the operating cost was £0.48 per m3.