Objectives: To correlate CK-19 with different histopathological gradings of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Methods: Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Outpatient, ISRA Dental College Hospital. Period: January 2014 to November 2019. Material & Methods: In current study 60 suspected patients of oral squamous cell carcinomas were enrolled for cancer diagnosis and histopathological evaluation. Incisional biopsy method was opted for tissue sample collection. Patients from both genders were tested for CK-19 at different histopathological gradings. Ethical approval was properly taken from Institutional review board and patients’ willingness to participate in the study was ensured. For statistical data analysis SPSS version 21.0 and Revman5.30 multiple tools were used. Results: Histopathological grading of sixty suspected cases of OSCCs was done into four different gradings which include, poorly differentiated, moderately differentiated, well differentiated and undifferentiated OSCCs. Fifty-two (87 %) of the included subjects were male, where only 8 patients were female. The mean age of female to male was (36.14 vs. 43.21 years). Out of 12 positive cases of OSCCs. CK-19 was found positive in 10 cases (83.3%) in well differentiated Oral Squamous cell carcinomas, where only 2 cases (16 %) of moderately differentiated OSCCs were positive against CK-19. Conclusion: Our outcomes suggest CK-19 has strong association with well differentiated and moderately differentiated Oral Squamous cell carcinomas. We highly recommend further research standardizing CK-19 as a promising histopathological grading marker.
Introduction: Pre-Eclampsia (PE) is the common multisystem disorder which complicates the pregnancies 3-8% and a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Aim: To determine the correlation of placental growth factor with PE in mid trimester of pregnancy at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. Materials and Methods: This Case-Control study was performed at Pathology Department with Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro/Hyderabad, during 12 months, from 6th February, 2017 to 5th February 2018. Pregnant women with mid trimester were enrolled in the study. Group A included females with PE, while Group B were normotensive females of same gestation. Their blood sample were collected and stored at -80°. Level of placental growth factor was measured on Elecsys system. Data was analysed via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results: Total 384 PE females were selected and 50 females without hypertension were studied as control. Mean age of patients was 27.46±3.91 years. No significant variance was seen between mean of gestational age of patients and normal pregnant females; p-value 0.346. Mean of placental growth factor was insignificantly decreased 35.21±31.68 pg/mL among patients in contrast to normal women as 47.23±56.13 pg/mL, p=0.081. A negative correlation was found between blood pressure and placental growth factor, r-values -0.004 and -0.001, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that serum placental growth factor was the poor marker for PE, as it showed weak negative correlation with PE.
Introduction: Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne disease is a major public health issue in Pakistan. It is considered to be a significant threat for the mankind in both developing and developed countries. The best way to prevent dengue endemic is to provide knowledge about dengue and preventive measures to people. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dengue fever and effectiveness of health education programme Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. The sample was selected by using random sampling technique. For the present study, sample of 200 paramedical staff of Bilawal medical college was taken to survey the research objectives through pre-designed interview schedule Results: Most of the respondents had good knowledge (74.5%), good attitudes (80.5%) regarding dengue fever. However, practices to prevent dengue were (90%). Conclusion: It is evident that students & paramedics were aware about dengue fever However, they were not much concerned about significance of dengue control and its beneficial effect to community. It is evident from their lack of practices for community .More practical health education programmes along with continued medical education programs should be arranges for paramedics as they are crucial to control of diseases and an integral part of health care system. Keywords: Dengue fever, Awareness
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