Abstract. Understanding the land use and land cover changes (LULCCs) and their implication on surface hydrology of the Dinder and Rahad basins (D&R, approximately 77 504 km 2 ) is vital for the management and utilization of water resources in the basins. Although there are many studies on LULCC in the Blue Nile Basin, specific studies on LULCC in the D&R are still missing. Hence, its impact on streamflow is unknown. The objective of this paper is to understand the LULCC in the Dinder and Rahad and its implications on streamflow response using satellite data and hydrological modelling. The hydrological model has been derived by different sets of land use and land cover maps from 1972, 1986, 1998 and 2011. Catchment topography, land cover and soil maps are derived from satellite images and serve to estimate model parameters. Results of LULCC detection between 1972 and 2011 indicate a significant decrease in woodland and an increase in cropland. Woodland decreased from 42 to 14 % and from 35 to 14 % for Dinder and Rahad, respectively. Cropland increased from 14 to 47 % and from 18 to 68 % in Dinder and Rahad, respectively. The model results indicate that streamflow is affected by LULCC in both the Dinder and the Rahad rivers. The effect of LULCC on streamflow is significant during 1986 and 2011. This could be attributed to the severe drought during the mid-1980s and the recent large expansion in cropland.
The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology based on coupled simulation-optimization approach for determining filling rules for the proposed Mandaya Reservoir in Ethiopia with minimum impact on hydropower generation downstream at Roseires Reservoir in Sudan, and ensuring power generation at Mandaya Reservoir in Ethiopia. The Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) approach for reservoir optimization presented in this paper is a combination of simulation and optimization models, which can assist decision making in water resource planning and management (WRPM). The combined system of reservoirs is set in MIKE BASIN Simulation model, which is then used for simulation of a limited set of feasible filling rules of the Mandaya reservoir according to the current storage level, the inflow, and the time of the year. The same simulation model is then coupled with Multi-Objective optimization Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), which is adopted for determining optimial filling rules of the Mandaya Reservoir. The optimization puts focus on maximization of hydropower generation in both the Mandaya and the Roseires Reservoirs. The results demonstrate that optimal release-(and correspondingly filling-) rules for Mandaya Reservoir which maximize the hydropower generation in both Mandaya and Roseires reservoirs can be found. These rules are determined along the Pareto frontier obtained by the optimization algorithm, which can serve as a decision support tool for choosing the actual filling rule. The results also showed that the NSGA-II is an efficient and powerful tool that could assist decision makers for solving optimization problems in complex water resource systems.
Abstract. Understanding the land use and land cover changes (LULCC) and its implication on surface hydrology of the Dinder and Rahad basins (D&R) approximately 77,504 km2 is vital for the management and utilization of water resources in the basins. Although there are many studies on LULCC in the Blue Nile basin, specific studies on LULCC in the D&R are still missing. Hence, its impact on streamflow is unknown. The objective of this paper is to understand the LULCC in the Dinder and Rahad and its implications on streamflow response using satellite data and hydrological modelling. The hydrological model has been derived by different sets of LULC maps from 1972, 1986, 1998 and 2011. Catchment topography, land cover and soil maps, are derived from satellite images and serve to estimate model parameters. Results of LULCC detection between 1972 and 2011 indicate a significant decrease of woodland and an increase of cropland. Woodland decreased from 42 % to 14 % and from 35 % to 14 % for Dinder and Rahad respectively. Cropland increased from 14 % to 47 % and from 18 % to 68 % in Dinder and Rahad respectively. The model results indicate that streamflow is affected by LULCC in both the Dinder and the Rahad Rivers. The effect of LULCC on streamflow is significant during 1986 and 2011. This could be attributed to the severe drought during mid 1980s and the recent large expansion in cropland.
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