This study aimed to investigate the impacts of Eruca sativa seed extract on some reproductive indicators and carcasses quality for aged local duck males. Forty-five aged local ducks males with the average live-weight of (2000±5g) and two years old were randomly distributed into three treatments (15 for each). After dissolution in corn oil, T2 and T3 were supplemented with 400 and 800 mg alcoholic extract of Eruca sativa seed respectively.T1 has only given corn oil (control). Weekly, a dosage of 2 ml was twice given to the treatments by syringe. The current results showed significant (P<0.05) increases in the relative weight, length, width and volume of testes in males of second and third treatments compared to the first treatment (control). Besides, the second and third treatments recorded significant (P<0.05) improvements in the diameter of seminiferous tubules, seminiferous epithelium thickness (µm) of testes, the Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and the level of testosterone hormone compared to the control. Chemical and physical tests of the breast meat showed no significant among all treatments in the ratio of free fatty acids, pH and water tolerability. Regarding the peroxide number, second treatment recorded the lowest significant (P<0.05) compared to other treatments. It concluded that alcoholic extract of Eruca sativa seed could enhance reproductive characteristics and significantly improve sex hormones in aged local duck males and effect on the number of peroxide in its breast meat.

No abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding Lycium barbarum extract to drinking water on some productive traits of Japanese quail. A total of 270 one-week-old Japanese quails were used in this study. The birds were divided into six treatments (45 for each). Each litre of drinking water (RO) was treated with 400 mg of L. barbarum extract add from (leaves, fruits, stems, and roots) for T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively. 400 mg of mixed extract from leaves, stems, fruits and roots of L. barbarum were added to drinking water (T6). The control treatment (T1) was free of L. barbarum drinking water. The results showed no significant differences in the body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. A significant decrease in the age of sexual puberty and sexual maturity for males and females were recorded in the second and third treatments compared to the other treatments. On the other hand, the results showed no significant differences between the experimental treatments for the weight at sexual puberty and maturity for males and females. It can be concluded that the leaves and fruits of L. barbarum extract decreased the sexual puberty age for males and females of Japanese quail. On the other hand, it has no effect on body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratios.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of alcoholic extract of greater galangal rhizomes on the serum antioxidant enzymes level in Japanese quail during oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. Two hundred and sixteen, 7 days-old of Japanese quail birds were randomly distributed into four groups (n=54) with three replicates per group and 18 chicks per replicate. The groups as follows: the first group was drank water without any addition as control. The second group was supplied with 4 ml.-1 hydrogen peroxide H2O2 (40%). The third group was supplied with 4 ml.-1 both hydrogen peroxide (40%) and alcoholic extract of greater galangal rhizomes. The fourth group was supplied with 4 ml.-1 alcoholic extract of greater galangal rhizomes. The results showed the lowest significant (P<0.05) decrease of malonaldehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations in the fourth group while, the highest significant (P<0.05) increase was recorded in the second group. The highest significant (P<0.05) activity level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) recorded in the fourth group, on the other hand, it was significantly lowest in the second group. The results explained there is no significant difference (P<0.05) in the concentration of MDA,SOD, GPx AST and ALT between the first (control) and third groups. The results indicated  there is no significant differs between males and females in the MDA,SOD, GPx AST and ALT. It can be concluded, oxidative stress was caused a negative impacts on serum SOD, GPx. AST and ALT enzymes. Moreover, it was caused an increase in MDA levels. The alcoholic extract of rhizomes of greater galangal was reduced and reversed the H2O2 impacts. All parameters non-significantly influenced by sexes.

No abstract

The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding different levels of ginseng roots to the diet on some physiological characteristics of Japanese quail males. A total of 120 Japanese quail males aged one week were used in this study. The males were randomly distributed into four experimental treatments (n=30). Each treatment was replicated three times (10 individual each). Males were fed experimental diets that were formulated to contain the same components as the control diet which contained red ginseng roots powder at levels 250, 500 and 750 mg/ kg feed  in other three experimental diets respectively. The results showed that the males of the fourth treatment recorded the lowest mean of the age of sexual puberty. While the highest average of sexual puberty age was recorded by the males of first treatment. On the other hand, the fourth treatment recorded the highest relative weight of testes compared with the other treatments at the age of 30 and 60 days. The results indicated that the males of the fourth treatment recorded highest Testosterone, FSH and LH levels compared with the other treatments at the age of 60 days. We can conclude from this study that the highest concentration of powder ginseng roots (750mg/kg feed) can promote the development of testes and increase testosterone, FSH and LH hormones in the serum of Japanese quail males.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of in ovo injection of alcoholic garlic extract on hatching traits, liver enzymes, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens post-hatch. In total, 625 broiler breeder eggs (ROSS 308 strain with an average weight of 58.5 g) were divided into 5 treatments (each treatment had three replicates). At 0 embryonic day, the eggs were injected as follows: the first treatment without in ovo injection (negative control), eggs of second treatment were injected with 100 μL.egg-1 distilled water (sham control). The third, fourth, and fifth treatments were injected with 50, 100, and 150 μL.egg-1 of an alcoholic garlic extract respectively. The chicks were reared for 4 weeks after hatching according to in ovo treatments. Hatchability, embryonic mortality, chicks' weight, serum AST, ALT, GPx, SOD activities, and MDA concentration were all measured. The results showed that the hatchability of the fifth treatment was higher (P≤0.05) than those of the other treatments. On the other hand, the embryonic mortality of the fifth treatment was recorded less (P≤0.05) than those of the other treatments. The results of serum AST, ALT, GPx, SOD activities, and MDA concentration were non different significance (P>0.05) among treatments. It is concluded that a garlic extract injection with 150 μL.egg-1 improved hatchability and reduced embryonic mortality. Moreover, it did not affect the chick's weight, serum liver enzymes, and antioxidant status post-hatch.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of using different levels of American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) powder on productive and physiological performance of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). One hundred and thirty-five, 45 days-old of Japanese quail females were randomly divided into three groups (45 females for each). Each group has three replicates (15 females per each). The groups were included: The first group was fed on experimental diet included with 0 % of insect powder and 6% of protein concentration as the control. The second group was fed on experimental diet included with 3% of protein concentration and 3% of insect powder. The third group was fed on experimental diet included with 0 % of protein concentration and 6% of insect powder. The results showed no significant in the egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio and mortality among groups. The birds in the third group were recorded a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the egg production (%), on the other hand, it recorded a less value in the feed intake compared to other groups. The results of relative weight of ovaries and oviducts showed the birds in the third group were recorded a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to other groups. On the other hand, the second group was recorded a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to first group (control). The results were indicated no significant in the levels of estrogen hormone among groups. While, the results of the levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were indicated a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in the third group compared to other groups. In addition to, the second group was recorded a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to first group (control). In conclusions, so far proves the potential of the American cockroach (P. americana) meal for use in quail production systems. American cockroach (P. americana) food based feed can completely replace protein sources by 100 per cent without negative effect on the productive performance of quail and, in some ways, can achieve better than conventional protein based feeds such as protein concentrations. On the other hand, the American cockroach (P. americana) meal improved physiological performance of quail.