Abstract-This paper introduces a cooperation-based database caching system for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). The heart of the system is the nodes that cache submitted queries. The queries are used as indexes to data cached in nodes that previously requested them. We discuss how the system is formed and how the requested data is found if cached or retrieved from the external database and then cached. Analysis is performed, and expressions are derived for the different parameters, including the upper and lower bounds for the number of query caching nodes and the average load they experience, generated network traffic, node bandwidth consumption, and other performance-related measures. Simulations with the ns-2 software were used to study the performance of the system in terms of average delay and hit ratio and to compare it with the performance of two other caching schemes for MANETs, namely, CachePath and CacheData. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of achieved hit ratio and low delay.

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) enable vehicles to communicate with each other but require efficient and robust routing protocols for their success. In this paper, we exploit the infrastructure of roadside units (RSUs) to efficiently and reliably route packets in VANETs. Our system operates by using vehicles to carry and forward messages from a source vehicle to a nearby RSU and, if needed, route these messages through the RSU network and, finally send them from an RSU to the destination vehicle. Our system is mostly critical for users who are far apart and want to communicate using their vehicles' onboard units. Many recent paradigms, like social networks, will greatly benefit from a system like ours to enable users on the road to exchange different types of data. We evaluate the performance of our system using the ns2 simulation platform and compare our scheme to existing solutions. The results prove the feasibility and efficiency of our scheme.Index Terms-Carry and forward, geographic forwarding, intervehicle communication, roadside units (RSUs), routing, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs).

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A breakthrough in the development of online learning occurred with the utilization of Learning Management Systems (LMS) as a tool for creating, distributing, tracking, and managing various types of educational and training material. Since the appearance of the first LMS, major technological enhancements transformed this tool into a powerful application for managing curriculum, providing rich-content courseware, assessment and evaluation, and dynamic collaboration. With several current research fields targeting various technologies related to the LMS, the future promises many changes in its structure, operations, and implementation. The most important technology that is expected to transform many future aspects is the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we provide a framework for a future LMS enhanced by IoT capabilities. We outline several elements of the LMS that will be affected by IoT, and the expected enhancements and changes that IoT will bring to the LMS functionalities. The framework presented for the IoT-enhanced LMS constitutes the main component of a three year research project that is being conducted at the Arts, Sciences, and Technology University (AUL). In this paper, we illustrate the main parts of this project and the implementation plan of each part, including the prospected outcomes and benefits.

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