The prevalence of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) as the culprit vessel in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is reportedly lowest among that of the 3 main epicardial arteries, and has not been described for non-STEMI (NSTEMI) and stable angina pectoris. We sought to define the distribution of culprit arteries in these clinical presentations and suggest mechanisms for the differences. We reviewed 189 coronary angiograms of patients with STEMI, 203 with NSTEMI, and 548 with stable angina (n=940), and compared distributions of stenotic and culprit coronary arteries (lesions prompting intervention). Obstructive coronary lesions (≥50% narrowing) were more prevalent in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) (36%-38%) and similar in the LCx and right coronary artery (RCA) (27%-29%), regardless of clinical presentation ( <0.01). In NSTEMI and stable angina, culprit vessels and total obstructive disease had the same distribution. In STEMI, however, a culprit LCx was significantly less prevalent (17%) than was total obstructive disease (27%; <0.01), or a culprit LAD (47%) or RCA (34%) (both <0.001). In our computed tomographic angiographic model of coronary longitudinal strain (percentage of shortening), LCx strain was only 1.5% ± 2.4%, versus 9.5% ± 2.9% for LAD strain and 10.1% ± 3.9% for RCA strain. In STEMI, LCx plaques seem less prone to rupturing. Culprit and total disease distributions are similar in NSTEMI and angina, suggesting a different ischemic pathophysiology in these presentations. Lower LCx longitudinal strain might contribute to reduced plaque rupture in STEMI.
The aim of sentiment analysis is to automatically extract the opinions from a certain text and decide its sentiment. In this paper, we introduce the first publicly-available Twitter dataset on Sunnah and Shia (SSTD), as part of a religious hate speech which is a sub problem of the general hate speech. We, further, provide a detailed review of the data collection process and our annotation guidelines such that a reliable dataset annotation is guaranteed. We employed many stand-alone classification algorithms on the Twitter hate speech dataset, including Random Forest, Complement NB, DecisionTree, and SVM and two deep learning methods CNN and RNN. We further study the influence of word embedding dimensions FastText and word2vec. In all our experiments, all classification algorithms are trained using a random split of data (66% for training and 34% for testing). The two datasets were stratified sampling of the original dataset. The CNN-FastText achieves the highest F-Measure (52.0%) followed by the CNN-Word2vec (49.0%), showing that neural models with FastText word embedding outperform classical feature-based models.
Background: Because of vital features including biocompatibility, high surface reactivity, and oxidation resistance, emerging nanomedicine is well-known for its potential therapeutic prospects. The goal of this study is to see if nanoparticle zinc oxide (ZnONPs) may reduce hepatic problems and oxidative stress in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Materials and methods:This study included 39 rats separated into three groups, each consisting of 13 rats; control group, streptozotocin group, and streptozotocin + ZnONPs group. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured as biochemical-specific oxidative stress measures. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-β) were also measured, as well as total cholesterol and triglycerides. The percentage of P53 in the liver was determined. Inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis in tissues were also seen by histological investigation. Results: FBS, HbA1C, liver function tests, MDA, NO, ROS, P53, and TNF-β serum levels were increased in STZ-treated rats. Treatment with ZnONPs (5 mg/kg) in the STZ+ ZnONPs group significantly improved, FBS, HbA1C, MDA, NO, GSH, ROS, liver function, fasting blood sugar, HbA1C, and tumour necrosis factor. In addition, ZnONPs treatment banned inflammatory cell infiltration and P53 in STZadministered rats. Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that ZnONPs may aid in controlling hepatic oxidative stress in STZ-induced diabetes mellitus in rats.
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