Introduction: Proteolysistargeting chimeras (PROTACs) have emerged as a new modality with the potential to revolutionize drug discovery. PROTACs are heterobifunctional molecules comprising of a ligand targeting a protein of interest, a ligand targeting an E3 ligase and a connecting linker. The aim is instead of inhibiting the target to induce its proteasomal degradation. Areas covered: PROTACs, due to their bifunctional design, possess properties that differentiate them from classical inhibitors. A structural analysis, based on published crystal aspects, kinetic features and aspects of selectivity are discussed. Specific types such as homoPROTACs, PROTACs targeting Tau protein and the first PROTACs recently entering clinical trials are examined. Expert opinion: PROTACs have shown remarkable biological responses in challenging targets, including an unprecedented selectivity over protein family members and even efficacy starting from weak or unspecific binders. Moreover, PROTACs are standing out from classical pharmacology by inducing the degradation of the target protein and not merely its inhibition. However, there are also challenges in the field, such as the rational structure optimization, the evolution of computational tools, limited structural data and the greatly anticipated clinical data. Despite the remaining hurdles, PROTACs are expected to soon become a new therapeutic category of drugs.

Nearly 5 years of meteorological data were analysed from 18 stations throughout Egypt, classified as located in Mediterranean, Inland, and Red Sea zones. The national annual average wind speed was 5.8 m/s at 10 m height. The Hurguda station (Red Sea coast) has 5.8 m/s mean annual wind speed and the largest peak wind speed there was 13.8 m/s, with 98% of wind-speed records being in the range of 3 to 10 m/s. Dekhala station (Inland) has the least annual average wind speed of 2.3 m/s, with 98.5% of wind speed records in the range of 1 to 5 m/s. For Mediterranean stations, Port Said has the largest mean wind speed of 4.9 m/s. A general wind energy potential considering both wind speed and air density was derived. Comparison are made between Weibull, Rayleigh, and actual data distributions of wind speed and wind power of two years (2003 and 2004). A Weibull distribution is the best match to the actual probability distribution of wind speed data for most stations. The maximum wind energy potential was 373 W/m2 in June at El-Tor (Red Sea coast) where the annual mean value was 207 W/m2.

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